Add Real-Time Chunking (RTC) support for flow matching models

Implement Real-Time Chunking (RTC) for action chunking policies using flow
matching denoising. RTC enables smooth action transitions between consecutive
chunks by using prefix guidance during denoising.

Key features:
- RTCProcessor class with denoise_step method for RTC guidance
- Tracker system for debug tracking using time-based dictionary storage
- RTCDebugVisualizer with comprehensive visualization utilities
- Integration with SmolVLA policy for flow matching models
- Support for multiple prefix attention schedules (ZEROS, ONES, LINEAR, EXP)
- Configurable execution horizon and max guidance weight
- Example scripts for dataset evaluation and real-time control

Technical details:
- Uses autograd-based gradient computation for RTC corrections
- Time-based tracking eliminates duplicate step issues
- Proxy methods in RTCProcessor for cleaner API
- Full integration with LeRobot's policy and dataset systems

Files added/modified:
- src/lerobot/configs/types.py: Add RTCAttentionSchedule enum
- src/lerobot/policies/rtc/: Core RTC implementation
  - configuration_rtc.py: RTC configuration
  - modeling_rtc.py: RTCProcessor with denoise_step
  - debug_handler.py: Tracker for debug information
  - debug_visualizer.py: Visualization utilities
- src/lerobot/policies/smolvla/modeling_smolvla.py: RTC integration
- examples/rtc/: Example scripts and evaluation tools

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

Co-Authored-By: Alexander Soare <alexander.soare159@gmail.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
Eugene Mironov
2025-11-03 17:42:53 +07:00
parent d9e74a9d37
commit 0acdde4ae2
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# Real-Time Chunking (RTC) Examples
This directory contains examples and evaluation scripts for Real-Time Chunking (RTC), a technique for improving action chunking policies in real-time robot control.
## Overview
Real-Time Chunking addresses the challenge of maintaining consistency and reactivity when using action chunking policies with non-negligible inference latency. It uses a guidance technique during diffusion sampling to blend new action predictions with previously planned actions.
**Key Benefits:**
- Maintains consistency between consecutive action chunks
- Reduces jitter and improves smoothness
- Adapts to inference delays dynamically
**Reference:** [Physical Intelligence - Real-Time Chunking](https://www.physicalintelligence.company/download/real_time_chunking.pdf)
## Scripts
### 1. `real_time_chunking_evaluate.py`
Real-time evaluation on physical robots or simulation environments.
**Features:**
- Run policy with RTC on real robot or simulation
- Compare RTC vs non-RTC actions in real-time
- Multi-threaded action execution and inference
- Support for torch.compile() optimization
**Usage:**
```bash
# With real robot
uv run python examples/rtc/real_time_chunking_evaluate.py \
--policy.path=lerobot/smolvla_base \
--robot.type=so100 \
--task="pick up the cup"
# With simulation environment
uv run python examples/rtc/real_time_chunking_evaluate.py \
--policy.path=lerobot/smolvla_base \
--env.type=pusht \
--duration=60.0
# Disable verbose comparison (faster)
uv run python examples/rtc/real_time_chunking_evaluate.py \
--policy.path=lerobot/smolvla_base \
--robot.type=so100 \
--verbose_rtc_comparison=false
# With policy compilation (CUDA only, not MPS)
uv run python examples/rtc/real_time_chunking_evaluate.py \
--policy.path=lerobot/smolvla_base \
--robot.type=so100 \
--compile_policy=true \
--compile_mode=max-autotune
```
**Key Parameters:**
- `--policy.path`: Path to pretrained policy
- `--robot.type` or `--env.type`: Robot or environment to use
- `--rtc.execution_horizon`: Number of steps to maintain consistency (default: 10)
- `--rtc.max_guidance_weight`: Maximum guidance weight (default: 1.0)
- `--rtc.prefix_attention_schedule`: Schedule type (ZEROS, ONES, LINEAR, EXP)
- `--verbose_rtc_comparison`: Enable detailed RTC comparison logging (default: true)
- `--duration`: How long to run (seconds, default: 30.0)
- `--fps`: Action execution frequency (Hz, default: 10.0)
### 2. `evaluate_rtc_on_dataset.py`
Offline evaluation on dataset samples to measure RTC effectiveness.
**Features:**
- Evaluate RTC on dataset without running robot
- Compare RTC vs non-RTC predictions
- Measure consistency and ground truth alignment
- Simulate different inference delays
- Save detailed metrics to JSON
**Usage:**
```bash
# Basic evaluation
uv run python examples/rtc/evaluate_rtc_on_dataset.py \
--policy.path=lerobot/smolvla_base \
--dataset.repo_id=lerobot/pusht \
--num_iterations=100
# Simulate inference delay (every 3rd step)
uv run python examples/rtc/evaluate_rtc_on_dataset.py \
--policy.path=lerobot/smolvla_base \
--dataset.repo_id=lerobot/pusht \
--num_iterations=200 \
--skip_steps=3
# Custom RTC configuration
uv run python examples/rtc/evaluate_rtc_on_dataset.py \
--policy.path=lerobot/smolvla_base \
--dataset.repo_id=lerobot/pusht \
--num_iterations=100 \
--rtc.execution_horizon=12 \
--rtc.max_guidance_weight=5.0 \
--rtc.prefix_attention_schedule=LINEAR
# Save results to file
uv run python examples/rtc/evaluate_rtc_on_dataset.py \
--policy.path=lerobot/smolvla_base \
--dataset.repo_id=lerobot/pusht \
--num_iterations=100 \
--output_path=results/rtc_evaluation.json
# Verbose mode with detailed logging
uv run python examples/rtc/evaluate_rtc_on_dataset.py \
--policy.path=lerobot/smolvla_base \
--dataset.repo_id=lerobot/pusht \
--num_iterations=50 \
--verbose=true
```
**Key Parameters:**
- `--policy.path`: Path to pretrained policy
- `--dataset.repo_id`: Dataset to evaluate on
- `--num_iterations`: Number of samples to evaluate (default: 100)
- `--skip_steps`: Steps to skip between inferences, simulates inference delay (default: 1)
- `--start_episode`: Episode to start from (default: 0)
- `--output_path`: Path to save results JSON
- `--verbose`: Enable detailed per-sample logging
- `--device`: Device to use (cuda, cpu, mps, auto)
**Metrics Reported:**
- **RTC vs Ground Truth MSE**: How close RTC predictions are to actual actions
- **No-RTC vs Ground Truth MSE**: Baseline without RTC
- **RTC Improvement**: Absolute and relative improvement over baseline
- **RTC Consistency**: How well RTC maintains consistency in prefix region
- Prefix MSE
- Mean/Max error in overlap region
### 3. `run_dataset_evaluation.sh`
Convenience script with multiple evaluation scenarios.
**Usage:**
```bash
# Edit the script to set your policy and dataset
# Then run all examples:
./examples/rtc/run_dataset_evaluation.sh
# Or run individual examples from the script
```
## Understanding RTC Parameters
### `execution_horizon`
Number of timesteps from previous chunk to maintain consistency with. Higher values mean more consistency but potentially less reactivity.
**Typical values:** 8-12 steps
### `max_guidance_weight`
Upper bound on guidance strength. Higher values give stronger consistency but may over-constrain new predictions.
**Typical values:** 1.0-10.0
### `prefix_attention_schedule`
How to weight consistency across the overlap region:
- `ZEROS`: Binary (full weight up to inference_delay, then zero)
- `ONES`: Full weight across entire execution_horizon
- `LINEAR`: Linear decay from inference_delay to execution_horizon
- `EXP`: Exponential decay (recommended)
**Recommended:** `EXP`
### `skip_steps` (evaluation only)
Simulates inference delay by evaluating every N-th step. This helps understand how RTC performs with realistic delays.
**Example:** `skip_steps=3` means policy infers every 3 steps, simulating 3x action execution frequency vs inference frequency.
## Output Format (Dataset Evaluation)
When using `--output_path`, results are saved in JSON format:
```json
{
"summary": {
"rtc_vs_ground_truth_mse": {
"mean": 0.00123,
"std": 0.00045,
"min": 0.00012,
"max": 0.00456
},
"improvement": {
"absolute": 0.00034,
"relative_percent": 12.5
},
...
},
"config": {
"num_iterations": 100,
"skip_steps": 3,
"execution_horizon": 10,
...
},
"detailed_results": [
{
"sample_idx": 0,
"rtc_vs_ground_truth_mse": 0.00112,
"no_rtc_vs_ground_truth_mse": 0.00145,
...
},
...
]
}
```
## Tips
1. **Start with dataset evaluation** to understand RTC behavior before running on robot
2. **Use verbose mode** for debugging unexpected behavior
3. **Tune execution_horizon** based on your inference latency and action frequency
4. **Monitor consistency metrics** - very low consistency might indicate execution_horizon is too small
5. **Compare different schedules** - EXP usually works best but LINEAR can be more interpretable
## Troubleshooting
### High RTC vs No-RTC difference but no improvement
- Try reducing `max_guidance_weight`
- Check if `execution_horizon` is too large
### Poor consistency metrics
- Increase `execution_horizon`
- Check that `skip_steps` is not larger than your action chunk size
- Verify episodes are being reset correctly
### RTC worse than No-RTC
- RTC may not help if inference is faster than action execution
- Try different `prefix_attention_schedule`
- Ensure `execution_horizon` matches your use case
## Examples Results
Example output from dataset evaluation:
```
================================================================================
EVALUATION SUMMARY
================================================================================
Ground Truth Alignment:
RTC MSE: 0.001234 ± 0.000456
No-RTC MSE: 0.001567 ± 0.000512
RTC Improvement:
Absolute: 0.000333
Relative: 21.23%
RTC vs No-RTC Difference:
MSE: 0.000112 ± 0.000034
RTC Consistency (Prefix Region):
MSE: 0.000089 ± 0.000023
Mean Error: 0.007654 ± 0.002341
Max Error: 0.023456 ± 0.008765
```
## Related Documentation
- [RTC Implementation](../../src/lerobot/policies/rtc/modeling_rtc.py)
- [RTC Configuration](../../src/lerobot/policies/rtc/configuration_rtc.py)
- [Physical Intelligence Paper](https://www.physicalintelligence.company/download/real_time_chunking.pdf)
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#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Evaluate Real-Time Chunking (RTC) performance on dataset samples.
This script takes two random samples from a dataset:
- Uses actions from the first sample as previous chunk
- Generates new actions for the second sample with and without RTC
It compares action predictions with and without RTC on dataset samples,
measuring consistency and ground truth alignment.
Usage:
python eval_dataset.py \
--policy.path=helper2424/smolvla_check_rtc_last3 \
--dataset.repo_id=helper2424/check_rtc \
--rtc.execution_horizon=8 \
--device=mps
"""
import logging
import random
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import torch
from lerobot.configs import parser
from lerobot.configs.default import DatasetConfig
from lerobot.configs.policies import PreTrainedConfig
from lerobot.configs.types import RTCAttentionSchedule
from lerobot.datasets.lerobot_dataset import LeRobotDataset
from lerobot.policies.factory import get_policy_class, make_pre_post_processors
from lerobot.policies.rtc.configuration_rtc import RTCConfig
from lerobot.policies.rtc.debug_visualizer import RTCDebugVisualizer
from lerobot.utils.hub import HubMixin
logging.basicConfig(
level=logging.INFO,
format="%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s",
)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
def set_seed(seed: int):
"""Set random seed for reproducibility."""
random.seed(seed)
np.random.seed(seed)
torch.manual_seed(seed)
if torch.cuda.is_available():
torch.cuda.manual_seed(seed)
torch.cuda.manual_seed_all(seed)
if torch.backends.mps.is_available():
torch.mps.manual_seed(seed)
torch.backends.cudnn.deterministic = True
torch.backends.cudnn.benchmark = False
logger.info(f"Random seed set to: {seed}")
@dataclass
class RTCEvalConfig(HubMixin):
"""Configuration for RTC evaluation."""
# Policy configuration
policy: PreTrainedConfig | None = None
# Dataset configuration
dataset: DatasetConfig = field(default_factory=DatasetConfig)
# RTC configuration
rtc: RTCConfig = field(
default_factory=lambda: RTCConfig(
enabled=True,
execution_horizon=20,
max_guidance_weight=5.0,
prefix_attention_schedule=RTCAttentionSchedule.EXP,
debug=True,
debug_maxlen=1000,
)
)
# Device configuration
device: str | None = field(
default=None,
metadata={"help": "Device to run on (cuda, cpu, mps, auto)"},
)
# Output configuration
output_dir: str = field(
default="rtc_debug_output",
metadata={"help": "Directory to save debug visualizations"},
)
verbose: bool = field(
default=False,
metadata={"help": "Enable verbose logging"},
)
enable_debug_viz: bool = field(
default=True,
metadata={"help": "Enable debug visualization"},
)
# Seed configuration
seed: int = field(
default=42,
metadata={"help": "Random seed for reproducibility"},
)
inference_delay: int = field(
default=4,
metadata={"help": "Inference delay for RTC"},
)
def __post_init__(self):
# Parse policy path
policy_path = parser.get_path_arg("policy")
if policy_path:
cli_overrides = parser.get_cli_overrides("policy")
self.policy = PreTrainedConfig.from_pretrained(policy_path, cli_overrides=cli_overrides)
self.policy.pretrained_path = policy_path
else:
raise ValueError("Policy path is required (--policy.path)")
# Auto-detect device if not specified
if self.device is None or self.device == "auto":
if torch.cuda.is_available():
self.device = "cuda"
elif torch.backends.mps.is_available():
self.device = "mps"
else:
self.device = "cpu"
logger.info(f"Auto-detected device: {self.device}")
@classmethod
def __get_path_fields__(cls) -> list[str]:
"""This enables the parser to load config from the policy using `--policy.path=local/dir`"""
return ["policy"]
class RTCEvaluator:
"""Evaluator for RTC on dataset samples."""
def __init__(self, cfg: RTCEvalConfig):
self.cfg = cfg
self.device = cfg.device
# Load policy
logger.info(f"Loading policy from {cfg.policy.pretrained_path}")
policy_class = get_policy_class(cfg.policy.type)
self.policy = policy_class.from_pretrained(cfg.policy.pretrained_path)
self.policy = self.policy.to(self.device)
self.policy.eval()
# Configure RTC
cfg.rtc.enabled = True
self.policy.config.rtc_config = cfg.rtc
self.policy.init_rtc_processor(verbose=cfg.verbose)
logger.info(f"Policy loaded: {self.policy.name}")
logger.info(f"RTC enabled: {cfg.rtc.enabled}")
logger.info(f"Execution horizon: {cfg.rtc.execution_horizon}")
# Load dataset
logger.info(f"Loading dataset: {cfg.dataset.repo_id}")
self.dataset = LeRobotDataset(cfg.dataset.repo_id, delta_timestamps={"action": np.arange(50) / 30})
logger.info(f"Dataset loaded: {len(self.dataset)} samples, {self.dataset.num_episodes} episodes")
# Create preprocessor/postprocessor
self.preprocessor, self.postprocessor = make_pre_post_processors(
policy_cfg=cfg.policy,
pretrained_path=cfg.policy.pretrained_path,
preprocessor_overrides={
"device_processor": {"device": self.device},
},
)
def run_evaluation(self):
"""Run evaluation on two random dataset samples."""
logger.info("Starting RTC evaluation")
logger.info(f"Inference delay: {self.cfg.inference_delay}")
# Get two random samples from the dataset
idx1, idx2 = random.sample(range(len(self.dataset)), 2)
logger.info(f"Selected samples: {idx1}, {idx2}")
# Get first sample - use its actions as prev_chunk
sample1 = self.dataset[idx1]
for key, value in sample1.items():
if isinstance(value, torch.Tensor):
sample1[key] = value.unsqueeze(0).to(self.device)
preprocessed_sample1 = self.preprocessor(sample1)
prev_chunk_left_over = preprocessed_sample1["action"][0, :, :25]
logger.info(f"Using actions from sample {idx1} as previous chunk: shape={prev_chunk_left_over.shape}")
# Get second sample - generate actions for this one
sample2 = self.dataset[idx2]
for key, value in sample2.items():
if isinstance(value, torch.Tensor):
sample2[key] = value.unsqueeze(0).to(self.device)
preprocessed_sample2 = self.preprocessor(sample2)
logger.info(f"Generating actions for sample {idx2}")
# Sample noise (use same noise for both RTC and non-RTC for fair comparison)
noise_size = (1, self.policy.config.chunk_size, self.policy.config.max_action_dim)
noise = self.policy.model.sample_noise(noise_size, self.device)
noise_clone = noise.clone()
# Create side-by-side figures for denoising visualization
fig_xt, axs_xt = plt.subplots(6, 2, figsize=(24, 12))
fig_xt.suptitle("x_t Denoising: No RTC (left) vs RTC (right)", fontsize=16)
fig_vt, axs_vt = plt.subplots(6, 2, figsize=(24, 12))
fig_vt.suptitle("v_t Denoising: No RTC (left) vs RTC (right)", fontsize=16)
fig_x1t, axs_x1t = plt.subplots(6, 2, figsize=(24, 12))
fig_x1t.suptitle("x1_t Predicted State & Error: No RTC (left - empty) vs RTC (right)", fontsize=16)
# Generate actions WITHOUT RTC (plot on left column)
logger.info("Generating actions WITHOUT RTC")
self.policy.config.rtc_config.enabled = False
with torch.no_grad():
no_rtc_actions = self.policy.predict_action_chunk(
preprocessed_sample2,
noise=noise,
inference_delay=self.cfg.inference_delay,
prev_chunk_left_over=prev_chunk_left_over,
viz_xt_axs=axs_xt[:, 0], # Left column for x_t
viz_vt_axs=axs_vt[:, 0], # Left column for v_t
)
# Generate actions WITH RTC (plot on right column)
logger.info("Generating actions WITH RTC")
self.policy.config.rtc_config.enabled = True
with torch.no_grad():
rtc_actions = self.policy.predict_action_chunk(
preprocessed_sample2,
noise=noise_clone,
inference_delay=self.cfg.inference_delay,
prev_chunk_left_over=prev_chunk_left_over,
execution_horizon=self.cfg.rtc.execution_horizon,
viz_xt_axs=axs_xt[:, 1], # Right column for x_t
viz_vt_axs=axs_vt[:, 1], # Right column for v_t
viz_x1t_axs=axs_x1t[:, 1], # Right column for x1_t
)
# Set titles for denoising plots
for ax in axs_xt[:, 0]:
ax.set_title("No RTC" if ax == axs_xt[0, 0] else "", fontsize=12)
for ax in axs_xt[:, 1]:
ax.set_title("RTC" if ax == axs_xt[0, 1] else "", fontsize=12)
for ax in axs_vt[:, 0]:
ax.set_title("No RTC" if ax == axs_vt[0, 0] else "", fontsize=12)
for ax in axs_vt[:, 1]:
ax.set_title("RTC" if ax == axs_vt[0, 1] else "", fontsize=12)
for ax in axs_x1t[:, 0]:
ax.set_title("No RTC (N/A)" if ax == axs_x1t[0, 0] else "", fontsize=12)
for ax in axs_x1t[:, 1]:
ax.set_title("RTC" if ax == axs_x1t[0, 1] else "", fontsize=12)
# Save denoising plots
fig_xt.tight_layout()
fig_xt.savefig("denoising_xt_comparison.png", dpi=150)
logger.info("Saved x_t denoising comparison to denoising_xt_comparison.png")
plt.close(fig_xt)
fig_vt.tight_layout()
fig_vt.savefig("denoising_vt_comparison.png", dpi=150)
logger.info("Saved v_t denoising comparison to denoising_vt_comparison.png")
plt.close(fig_vt)
fig_x1t.tight_layout()
fig_x1t.savefig("denoising_x1t_comparison.png", dpi=150)
logger.info("Saved x1_t predicted state & error comparison to denoising_x1t_comparison.png")
plt.close(fig_x1t)
# Create side-by-side comparison: No RTC (left) vs RTC (right)
fig, axs = plt.subplots(6, 2, figsize=(24, 12))
fig.suptitle("Final Action Comparison: No RTC (left) vs RTC (right)", fontsize=16)
# Plot on left column (No RTC)
self._plot_actions(
axs[:, 0],
prev_chunk_left_over[0].cpu().numpy(),
no_rtc_actions[0].cpu().numpy(),
"No RTC",
)
# Plot on right column (RTC)
self._plot_actions(
axs[:, 1],
prev_chunk_left_over[0].cpu().numpy(),
rtc_actions[0].detach().cpu().numpy(),
"RTC",
)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.savefig("final_actions_comparison.png", dpi=150)
logger.info("Saved final actions comparison to final_actions_comparison.png")
plt.close(fig)
# Visualize debug information if enabled
if self.cfg.enable_debug_viz and self.policy.rtc_processor is not None:
self._visualize_debug_info()
logger.info("Evaluation completed successfully")
def _plot_actions(self, axs, prev_chunk, predicted_actions, title):
"""Plot actions comparison on given axes."""
# Ensure arrays are 2D
if prev_chunk.ndim == 1:
prev_chunk = prev_chunk.reshape(1, -1)
if predicted_actions.ndim == 1:
predicted_actions = predicted_actions.reshape(1, -1)
for j in range(min(prev_chunk.shape[-1], 6)): # Limit to 6 dimensions
axs[j].plot(
np.arange(prev_chunk.shape[0]),
prev_chunk[:, j],
color="green",
label="Previous Chunk",
)
axs[j].plot(
np.arange(predicted_actions.shape[0]),
predicted_actions[:, j],
color="red" if "RTC" in title else "blue",
label=title,
)
axs[j].set_ylabel("Joint angle", fontsize=14)
axs[j].grid()
axs[j].legend(loc="upper right", fontsize=14)
axs[j].set_title(title if j == 0 else "", fontsize=12)
if j == 2:
axs[j].set_xlabel("Step #", fontsize=16)
def _visualize_debug_info(self):
"""Visualize debug information from the RTC processor."""
import os
# Use proxy method to check if debug is enabled
if not self.policy.rtc_processor.is_debug_enabled():
logger.warning("Debug tracking is disabled. Skipping debug visualization.")
return
# Get tracker length using proxy method
if self.policy.rtc_processor.get_tracker_length() == 0:
logger.warning("No debug steps recorded. Skipping debug visualization.")
return
# Create output directory
os.makedirs(self.cfg.output_dir, exist_ok=True)
logger.info(f"Saving debug visualizations to {self.cfg.output_dir}")
# Still need direct access to tracker for visualization functions
# This is acceptable since RTCDebugVisualizer is part of the RTC package
tracker = self.policy.rtc_processor.tracker
# Print statistics
RTCDebugVisualizer.print_debug_statistics(tracker)
# Plot debug summary
summary_path = os.path.join(self.cfg.output_dir, "debug_summary.png")
RTCDebugVisualizer.plot_debug_summary(
tracker,
save_path=summary_path,
show=False,
)
# Plot correction heatmap
heatmap_path = os.path.join(self.cfg.output_dir, "correction_heatmap.png")
RTCDebugVisualizer.plot_correction_heatmap(
tracker,
save_path=heatmap_path,
show=False,
)
# Plot step-by-step comparison (last step)
step_path = os.path.join(self.cfg.output_dir, "step_comparison_last.png")
RTCDebugVisualizer.plot_step_by_step_comparison(
tracker,
step_idx=-1,
save_path=step_path,
show=False,
)
# Plot step-by-step comparison (first step)
step_path_first = os.path.join(self.cfg.output_dir, "step_comparison_first.png")
if self.policy.rtc_processor.get_tracker_length() > 0:
RTCDebugVisualizer.plot_step_by_step_comparison(
tracker,
step_idx=0,
save_path=step_path_first,
show=False,
)
logger.info(f"Debug visualizations saved to {self.cfg.output_dir}")
@parser.wrap()
def main(cfg: RTCEvalConfig):
"""Main entry point for RTC evaluation."""
# Set random seed for reproducibility
set_seed(cfg.seed)
logger.info("=" * 80)
logger.info("RTC Dataset Evaluation")
logger.info(f"Config: {cfg}")
logger.info("=" * 80)
evaluator = RTCEvaluator(cfg)
evaluator.run_evaluation()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
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#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Demo script showing how to use Real-Time Chunking (RTC) with action chunking policies.
This script demonstrates:
1. Creating a robot/environment and policy (SmolVLA, Pi0, etc.) with RTC
2. Consuming actions from the policy while the robot/environment executes
3. Periodically requesting new action chunks in the background using threads
4. Managing action buffers and timing for real-time operation
Usage:
# With real robot
python rtc_demo.py --policy.path=lerobot/smolvla_base --robot.type=so100
# With simulation environment
python rtc_demo.py --policy.path=lerobot/smolvla_base --env.type=pusht
# With config file
python rtc_demo.py --config_path=path/to/config.json
# With policy compilation for faster inference (recommended for production)
python rtc_demo.py --policy.path=lerobot/smolvla_base --robot.type=so100 --compile_policy=true
# With aggressive compilation for maximum speed
python rtc_demo.py --policy.path=lerobot/smolvla_base --robot.type=so100 --compile_policy=true --compile_mode=max-autotune
Performance Notes:
- torch.compile() is NOT supported on MPS (Apple Silicon) due to attention operation limitations
- For MPS optimization, reduce num_steps in the policy config (biggest speedup)
- CUDA devices will see 2-5x speedup with compilation enabled
"""
import logging
import math
import sys
import time
import traceback
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from threading import Event, Lock, Thread
import numpy as np
import torch
from torch import Tensor
from lerobot.cameras.opencv.configuration_opencv import OpenCVCameraConfig # noqa: F401
from lerobot.configs import parser
from lerobot.configs.policies import PreTrainedConfig
from lerobot.configs.types import RTCAttentionSchedule
from lerobot.datasets.utils import build_dataset_frame, hw_to_dataset_features
from lerobot.envs.configs import EnvConfig # noqa: F401
from lerobot.envs.factory import make_env
from lerobot.policies.factory import get_policy_class, make_pre_post_processors
from lerobot.policies.rtc.configuration_rtc import RTCConfig
from lerobot.policies.rtc.latency_tracker import LatencyTracker
from lerobot.processor.factory import (
make_default_robot_action_processor,
make_default_robot_observation_processor,
)
from lerobot.rl.process import ProcessSignalHandler
from lerobot.robots import ( # noqa: F401
Robot,
RobotConfig,
koch_follower,
so100_follower,
so101_follower,
)
from lerobot.robots.utils import make_robot_from_config
from lerobot.utils.constants import OBS_IMAGES
from lerobot.utils.hub import HubMixin
from lerobot.utils.utils import init_logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
def tensor_stats_str(tensor: Tensor | None, name: str = "tensor") -> str:
"""Generate readable statistics string for a tensor."""
if tensor is None:
return f"{name}: None"
stats = (
f"{name}:\n"
f" shape={tuple(tensor.shape)}, dtype={tensor.dtype}, device={tensor.device}\n"
f" min={tensor.min().item():.6f}, max={tensor.max().item():.6f}\n"
f" mean={tensor.mean().item():.6f}, std={tensor.std().item():.6f}"
)
return stats
def compare_tensors(tensor1: Tensor, tensor2: Tensor, name1: str = "tensor1", name2: str = "tensor2") -> str:
"""Compare two tensors and return detailed difference statistics."""
if tensor1 is None or tensor2 is None:
return f"Cannot compare: {name1}={tensor1 is not None}, {name2}={tensor2 is not None}"
# Ensure same shape for comparison
if tensor1.shape != tensor2.shape:
return f"Shape mismatch: {name1}={tuple(tensor1.shape)} vs {name2}={tuple(tensor2.shape)}"
diff = tensor1 - tensor2
abs_diff = torch.abs(diff)
# Per-timestep statistics
if len(diff.shape) >= 2:
# Shape is (batch, time, action_dim) or (time, action_dim)
per_timestep_mean = abs_diff.mean(dim=-1) # Average across action dimensions
timestep_stats = "\n Per-timestep abs diff (averaged across action dims):\n"
if len(per_timestep_mean.shape) > 1:
# Has batch dimension
for batch_idx in range(per_timestep_mean.shape[0]):
timestep_stats += f" Batch {batch_idx}: ["
for t in range(min(10, per_timestep_mean.shape[1])): # Show first 10 timesteps
timestep_stats += f"{per_timestep_mean[batch_idx, t].item():.6f}, "
if per_timestep_mean.shape[1] > 10:
timestep_stats += "..."
timestep_stats += "]\n"
else:
timestep_stats += " ["
for t in range(min(10, len(per_timestep_mean))):
timestep_stats += f"{per_timestep_mean[t].item():.6f}, "
if len(per_timestep_mean) > 10:
timestep_stats += "..."
timestep_stats += "]\n"
else:
timestep_stats = ""
result = (
f"\nDifference: {name1} - {name2}:\n"
f" abs_diff: min={abs_diff.min().item():.6f}, max={abs_diff.max().item():.6f}\n"
f" abs_diff: mean={abs_diff.mean().item():.6f}, std={abs_diff.std().item():.6f}\n"
f" relative_diff: mean={abs_diff.mean().item() / (torch.abs(tensor2).mean().item() + 1e-8) * 100:.2f}%"
f"{timestep_stats}"
)
return result
class RobotWrapper:
def __init__(self, robot: Robot):
self.robot = robot
self.lock = Lock()
def get_observation(self) -> dict[str, Tensor]:
with self.lock:
return self.robot.get_observation()
def send_action(self, action: Tensor):
with self.lock:
self.robot.send_action(action)
def observation_features(self) -> list[str]:
with self.lock:
return self.robot.observation_features
def action_features(self) -> list[str]:
with self.lock:
return self.robot.action_features
class EnvWrapper:
"""Wrapper for gym environments to provide same interface as RobotWrapper."""
def __init__(self, env, env_cfg: EnvConfig):
self.env = env
self.env_cfg = env_cfg
self.lock = Lock()
self._last_obs = None
self._episode_count = 0
self._step_count = 0
# Initialize environment
obs, _ = self.env.reset()
self._last_obs = (
obs[0]
if isinstance(obs, tuple)
or (hasattr(obs, "__getitem__") and len(obs) > 0 and not isinstance(obs, dict))
else obs
)
# Cache feature names
self._observation_features = None
self._action_features = None
def get_observation(self) -> dict[str, np.ndarray]:
"""Get current observation from environment.
Returns observations in the same format as robot.get_observation():
a dict mapping feature names to numpy arrays.
"""
with self.lock:
if self._last_obs is None:
# Reset environment on first observation
obs, _ = self.env.reset()
self._last_obs = (
obs[0]
if isinstance(obs, tuple)
or (hasattr(obs, "__getitem__") and len(obs) > 0 and not isinstance(obs, dict))
else obs
)
# VectorEnv returns observations as numpy arrays in a batch
# Extract first element if it's a vectorized observation
obs = self._last_obs
if isinstance(obs, dict):
# Handle dict observations (extract first element from batch if needed)
result = {}
for key, value in obs.items():
if isinstance(value, np.ndarray) and len(value.shape) > 0 and value.shape[0] == 1:
# Remove batch dimension for single env
result[key] = value[0]
else:
result[key] = value
return result
else:
# Handle array observations - shouldn't happen with our configs but handle it
return {"observation": obs[0] if len(obs.shape) > 1 else obs}
def send_action(self, action: dict):
"""Execute action in environment and update observation."""
with self.lock:
# Convert action dict to array based on action_features
action_list = []
for feature_name in self.action_features():
if feature_name in action:
action_list.append(action[feature_name])
action_array = np.array(action_list)
# VectorEnv expects actions with batch dimension
action_batch = action_array.reshape(1, -1)
# Step environment
obs, _reward, terminated, truncated, _info = self.env.step(action_batch)
# Extract from batch
self._last_obs = (
obs[0]
if isinstance(obs, tuple)
or (hasattr(obs, "__getitem__") and len(obs) > 0 and not isinstance(obs, dict))
else obs
)
self._step_count += 1
# Check if episode is done (handle vectorized env format)
is_done = terminated[0] if isinstance(terminated, (np.ndarray, list)) else terminated
is_truncated = truncated[0] if isinstance(truncated, (np.ndarray, list)) else truncated
# Reset if episode is done
if is_done or is_truncated:
logger.info(f"Episode {self._episode_count} finished after {self._step_count} steps")
obs, _ = self.env.reset()
self._last_obs = (
obs[0]
if isinstance(obs, tuple)
or (hasattr(obs, "__getitem__") and len(obs) > 0 and not isinstance(obs, dict))
else obs
)
self._episode_count += 1
self._step_count = 0
def observation_features(self) -> list[str]:
"""Get observation feature names from environment config."""
if self._observation_features is not None:
return self._observation_features
with self.lock:
features = []
for feature_name in self.env_cfg.features:
if feature_name != "action":
# Use the mapped name from features_map
mapped_name = self.env_cfg.features_map.get(feature_name, feature_name)
features.append(mapped_name)
self._observation_features = features
return features
def action_features(self) -> list[str]:
"""Get action feature names from environment config."""
if self._action_features is not None:
return self._action_features
with self.lock:
# Return action dimension names
action_dim = self.env_cfg.features["action"].shape[0]
self._action_features = [f"action_{i}" for i in range(action_dim)]
return self._action_features
class ActionQueue:
def __init__(self, cfg: RTCConfig):
self.queue = None # Processed actions for robot rollout
self.original_queue = None # Original actions for RTC
self.lock = Lock()
self.last_index = 0
self.cfg = cfg
def get(self) -> Tensor | None:
with self.lock:
if self.queue is None or self.last_index >= len(self.queue):
return None
action = self.queue[self.last_index]
self.last_index += 1
return action.clone()
def qsize(self) -> int:
# with self.lock:
if self.queue is None:
return 0
length = len(self.queue)
return length - self.last_index
def empty(self) -> bool:
# with self.lock:
if self.queue is None:
return True
length = len(self.queue)
return length - self.last_index + 1 <= 0
def get_action_index(self) -> int:
# with self.lock:
return self.last_index
def get_left_over(self) -> Tensor:
"""Get left over ORIGINAL actions for RTC prev_chunk_left_over."""
with self.lock:
if self.original_queue is None:
return None
return self.original_queue[self.last_index :]
def merge(
self,
original_actions: Tensor,
processed_actions: Tensor,
real_delay: int,
action_index_before_inference: int | None = 0,
):
with self.lock:
self._check_delays(real_delay, action_index_before_inference)
if self.cfg.enabled:
self._replace_actions_queue(original_actions, processed_actions, real_delay)
return
self._append_actions_queue(original_actions, processed_actions)
def _replace_actions_queue(self, original_actions: Tensor, processed_actions: Tensor, real_delay: int):
self.original_queue = original_actions[real_delay:].clone()
self.queue = processed_actions[real_delay:].clone()
logger.info(f"original_actions shape: {self.original_queue.shape}")
logger.info(f"processed_actions shape: {self.queue.shape}")
logger.info(f"real_delay: {real_delay}")
self.last_index = 0
def _append_actions_queue(self, original_actions: Tensor, processed_actions: Tensor):
if self.queue is None:
self.original_queue = original_actions.clone()
self.queue = processed_actions.clone()
return
self.original_queue = torch.cat([self.original_queue, original_actions.clone()])
self.original_queue = self.original_queue[self.last_index :]
self.queue = torch.cat([self.queue, processed_actions.clone()])
self.queue = self.queue[self.last_index :]
self.last_index = 0
def _check_delays(self, real_delay: int, action_index_before_inference: int | None = None):
if action_index_before_inference is None:
return
indexes_diff = self.last_index - action_index_before_inference
if indexes_diff != real_delay:
# Let's check that action index difference (real delay calculated based on action queue)
# is the same as dealy calculated based on inference latency
logger.warning(
f"[ACTION_QUEUE] Indexes diff is not equal to real delay. Indexes diff: {indexes_diff}, real delay: {real_delay}"
)
@dataclass
class RTCDemoConfig(HubMixin):
"""Configuration for RTC demo with action chunking policies."""
# Policy configuration
policy: PreTrainedConfig | None = None
# Robot configuration (mutually exclusive with env)
robot: RobotConfig | None = None
# Environment configuration (mutually exclusive with robot)
env: EnvConfig | None = None
# RTC configuration
rtc: RTCConfig = field(
default_factory=lambda: RTCConfig(
execution_horizon=10,
max_guidance_weight=1.0,
prefix_attention_schedule=RTCAttentionSchedule.EXP,
)
)
# Demo parameters
duration: float = 30.0 # Duration to run the demo (seconds)
fps: float = 10.0 # Action execution frequency (Hz)
# Compute device
device: str | None = None # Device to run on (cuda, cpu, auto)
# Compilation options
compile_policy: bool = (
False # Compile policy with torch.compile() for faster inference (not supported on MPS)
)
compile_mode: str = "default" # Compilation mode: default, reduce-overhead, max-autotune
# Alternative optimization options (work on all devices including MPS)
use_channels_last: bool = False # Use channels_last memory format for images (faster on some devices)
enable_cudnn_benchmark: bool = True # Enable cuDNN benchmarking (CUDA only)
# Get new actions horizon. The amount of executed steps after which will be requested new actions.
# It should be higher than inference delay + execution horizon.
action_queue_size_to_get_new_actions: int = 30
# Task to execute
task: str = field(default="", metadata={"help": "Task to execute"})
# Debug options
verbose_rtc_comparison: bool = True # Enable detailed RTC comparison output
def __post_init__(self):
# HACK: We parse again the cli args here to get the pretrained path if there was one.
policy_path = parser.get_path_arg("policy")
if policy_path:
cli_overrides = parser.get_cli_overrides("policy")
self.policy = PreTrainedConfig.from_pretrained(policy_path, cli_overrides=cli_overrides)
self.policy.pretrained_path = policy_path
else:
raise ValueError("Policy path is required")
# Validate that either robot or env is provided, but not both
if self.robot is None and self.env is None:
raise ValueError("Either robot or env configuration must be provided")
if self.robot is not None and self.env is not None:
raise ValueError("Cannot specify both robot and env configuration. Choose one.")
@classmethod
def __get_path_fields__(cls) -> list[str]:
"""This enables the parser to load config from the policy using `--policy.path=local/dir`"""
return ["policy"]
def is_image_key(k: str) -> bool:
return k.startswith(OBS_IMAGES)
def get_actions(
policy,
robot: RobotWrapper,
robot_observation_processor,
action_queue: ActionQueue,
shutdown_event: Event,
cfg: RTCDemoConfig,
):
"""Thread function to request action chunks from the policy.
Args:
policy: The policy instance (SmolVLA, Pi0, etc.)
robot: The robot instance for getting observations
robot_observation_processor: Processor for raw robot observations
action_queue: Queue to put new action chunks
shutdown_event: Event to signal shutdown
cfg: Demo configuration
"""
try:
logger.info("[GET_ACTIONS] Starting get actions thread")
latency_tracker = LatencyTracker() # Track latency of action chunks
fps = cfg.fps
time_per_chunk = 1.0 / fps
dataset_features = hw_to_dataset_features(robot.observation_features(), "observation")
policy_device = policy.config.device
preprocessor, postprocessor = make_pre_post_processors(
policy_cfg=cfg.policy,
pretrained_path=cfg.policy.pretrained_path,
preprocessor_overrides={
"device_processor": {"device": cfg.policy.device},
},
)
get_actions_threshold = cfg.action_queue_size_to_get_new_actions
if not cfg.rtc.enabled:
get_actions_threshold = 0
while not shutdown_event.is_set():
if action_queue.qsize() <= get_actions_threshold:
current_time = time.perf_counter()
action_index_before_inference = action_queue.get_action_index()
prev_actions = action_queue.get_left_over()
inference_latency = latency_tracker.max()
inference_delay = math.ceil(inference_latency / time_per_chunk)
obs = robot.get_observation()
# Apply robot observation processor
obs_processed = robot_observation_processor(obs)
obs_with_policy_features = build_dataset_frame(
dataset_features, obs_processed, prefix="observation"
)
for name in obs_with_policy_features:
obs_with_policy_features[name] = torch.from_numpy(obs_with_policy_features[name])
if "image" in name:
obs_with_policy_features[name] = (
obs_with_policy_features[name].type(torch.float32) / 255
)
obs_with_policy_features[name] = (
obs_with_policy_features[name].permute(2, 0, 1).contiguous()
)
obs_with_policy_features[name] = obs_with_policy_features[name].unsqueeze(0)
obs_with_policy_features[name] = obs_with_policy_features[name].to(policy_device)
# for k, v in obs_with_policy_features.items():
# if isinstance(v, np.ndarray):
# obs_with_policy_features[k] = torch.from_numpy(v).to(policy_device)
# if is_image_key(k):
# obs_with_policy_features[k] = obs_with_policy_features[k].type(torch.float32) / 255
# obs_with_policy_features[k] = obs_with_policy_features[k].permute(2, 0, 1).unsqueeze(0)
# elif isinstance(obs_with_policy_features[k], torch.Tensor):
# obs_with_policy_features[k] = obs_with_policy_features[k].unsqueeze(0)
obs_with_policy_features["task"] = cfg.task
preproceseded_obs = preprocessor(obs_with_policy_features)
noise_size = (1, policy.config.chunk_size, policy.config.max_action_dim)
noise = policy.model.sample_noise(noise_size, policy_device)
noise_clone = noise.clone()
# Generate actions WITHOUT RTC for comparison (if verbose mode enabled)
if cfg.verbose_rtc_comparison:
policy.config.rtc_config.enabled = False
not_rtc_actions = policy.predict_action_chunk(
preproceseded_obs,
noise=noise,
inference_delay=inference_delay,
prev_chunk_left_over=prev_actions,
)
policy.config.rtc_config.enabled = True
# Generate actions WITH RTC
actions = policy.predict_action_chunk(
preproceseded_obs,
noise=noise_clone if cfg.verbose_rtc_comparison else noise,
inference_delay=inference_delay,
prev_chunk_left_over=prev_actions,
)
# Store original actions (before postprocessing) for RTC
original_actions = actions.squeeze(0).clone()
# Detailed comparison output (if verbose mode enabled)
if cfg.verbose_rtc_comparison:
logger.info("=" * 80)
logger.info("RTC ACTION COMPARISON")
logger.info("=" * 80)
# Print detailed statistics
logger.info("\n" + tensor_stats_str(not_rtc_actions, "not_rtc_actions (without RTC)"))
logger.info("\n" + tensor_stats_str(actions, "actions (with RTC)"))
logger.info(
"\n" + tensor_stats_str(prev_actions, "prev_actions (leftover from previous chunk)")
)
# Compare RTC vs non-RTC actions
logger.info(
compare_tensors(actions, not_rtc_actions, "actions (RTC)", "not_rtc_actions (no RTC)")
)
to_non_rtc_diff = actions - not_rtc_actions
print("to_non_rtc_diff", to_non_rtc_diff)
if prev_actions is not None:
prev_padded = torch.zeros_like(actions)
prev_padded[:, : prev_actions.shape[1], :] = prev_actions
to_prev_diff = actions - prev_padded
print("to_prev_diff", to_prev_diff)
print("=" * 80)
postprocessed_actions = postprocessor(actions)
postprocessed_actions = postprocessed_actions.squeeze(0)
new_latency = time.perf_counter() - current_time
new_delay = math.ceil(new_latency / time_per_chunk)
latency_tracker.add(new_latency)
if cfg.action_queue_size_to_get_new_actions < cfg.rtc.execution_horizon + new_delay:
logger.warning(
"[GET_ACTIONS] cfg.action_queue_size_to_get_new_actions Too small, It should be higher than inference delay + execution horizon."
)
logger.debug(f"[GET_ACTIONS] new_delay: {new_delay}")
logger.debug(f"[GET_ACTIONS] original_actions shape: {original_actions.shape}")
logger.debug(f"[GET_ACTIONS] postprocessed_actions shape: {postprocessed_actions.shape}")
logger.debug(f"[GET_ACTIONS] action_index_before_inference: {action_index_before_inference}")
action_queue.merge(
original_actions, postprocessed_actions, new_delay, action_index_before_inference
)
else:
# Small sleep to prevent busy waiting
time.sleep(0.1)
logger.info("[GET_ACTIONS] get actions thread shutting down")
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"[GET_ACTIONS] Fatal exception in get_actions thread: {e}")
logger.error(traceback.format_exc())
sys.exit(1)
def actor_control(
robot: RobotWrapper,
robot_action_processor,
action_queue: ActionQueue,
shutdown_event: Event,
cfg: RTCDemoConfig,
):
"""Thread function to execute actions on the robot.
Args:
robot: The robot instance
action_queue: Queue to get actions from
shutdown_event: Event to signal shutdown
cfg: Demo configuration
"""
try:
logger.info("[ACTOR] Starting actor thread")
action_count = 0
action_interval = 1.0 / cfg.fps
while not shutdown_event.is_set():
start_time = time.perf_counter()
# Try to get an action from the queue with timeout
action = action_queue.get()
if action is not None:
action = action.cpu()
action = {key: action[i].item() for i, key in enumerate(robot.action_features())}
action = robot_action_processor((action, None))
robot.send_action(action)
action_count += 1
dt_s = time.perf_counter() - start_time
time.sleep((action_interval - dt_s) - 0.001)
logger.info(f"[ACTOR] Actor thread shutting down. Total actions executed: {action_count}")
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"[ACTOR] Fatal exception in actor_control thread: {e}")
logger.error(traceback.format_exc())
sys.exit(1)
def stop_by_duration(shutdown_event: Event, cfg: RTCDemoConfig):
"""Stop the demo by duration."""
time.sleep(cfg.duration)
shutdown_event.set()
@parser.wrap()
def demo_cli(cfg: RTCDemoConfig):
"""Main entry point for RTC demo with draccus configuration."""
# Initialize logging
init_logging()
logger.info(f"Using device: {cfg.device}")
# Setup signal handler for graceful shutdown
signal_handler = ProcessSignalHandler(use_threads=True, display_pid=False)
shutdown_event = signal_handler.shutdown_event
policy = None
robot = None
vec_env = None
get_actions_thread = None
actor_thread = None
policy_class = get_policy_class(cfg.policy.type)
policy = policy_class.from_pretrained(cfg.policy.pretrained_path)
# Turn on RTC
policy.config.rtc_config = cfg.rtc
# Init RTC processort, as by default if RTC disabled in the config
# The processor won't be created
policy.init_rtc_processor(verbose=cfg.verbose_rtc_comparison)
assert policy.name in ["smolvla"], "Only smolvla are supported for RTC"
policy = policy.to(cfg.device)
policy.eval()
# Apply memory format optimizations
if cfg.use_channels_last:
logger.info("Converting model to channels_last memory format")
try:
# Convert vision encoder to channels_last for better performance
if hasattr(policy, "vision_encoder"):
policy.vision_encoder = policy.vision_encoder.to(memory_format=torch.channels_last)
logger.info("Successfully converted to channels_last format")
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"Failed to convert to channels_last: {e}")
# Enable cuDNN benchmarking for CUDA
if cfg.enable_cudnn_benchmark and cfg.device == "cuda":
torch.backends.cudnn.benchmark = True
logger.info("Enabled cuDNN benchmarking")
# Compile policy if requested
if cfg.compile_policy:
# Check if device is MPS - torch.compile has issues with MPS backend
if cfg.device == "mps":
logger.warning("torch.compile() is not stable with MPS backend (Apple Silicon)")
logger.warning("Skipping compilation. For better performance on MPS:")
logger.warning(" 1. Use torch.float32 instead of bfloat16")
logger.warning(" 2. Ensure model uses contiguous memory layouts")
logger.warning(" 3. Consider using CUDA if available")
else:
logger.info(f"Compiling policy with mode: {cfg.compile_mode}")
logger.info("First inference will be slower due to compilation, subsequent calls will be faster")
try:
# Compile the predict_action_chunk method
policy.predict_action_chunk = torch.compile(
policy.predict_action_chunk,
mode=cfg.compile_mode,
fullgraph=False, # Allow graph breaks for flexibility
backend="inductor", # Use inductor backend
)
logger.info("Policy compiled successfully")
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"Failed to compile policy: {e}")
logger.warning("Continuing without compilation")
# Create robot or environment
if cfg.robot is not None:
logger.info(f"Initializing robot: {cfg.robot.type}")
robot = make_robot_from_config(cfg.robot)
robot.connect()
agent_wrapper = RobotWrapper(robot)
else:
logger.info(f"Initializing environment: {cfg.env.type}")
# Create environment using make_env
env_dict = make_env(cfg.env, n_envs=1, use_async_envs=False)
# Validate environment structure: should have exactly one suite
if len(env_dict) != 1:
raise ValueError(
f"Expected exactly one environment suite, but got {len(env_dict)}. "
f"Suites: {list(env_dict.keys())}"
)
# Extract the actual env from the dict structure {suite: {task_id: vec_env}}
suite_name = list(env_dict.keys())[0]
task_dict = env_dict[suite_name]
# Validate task structure: should have exactly one task
if len(task_dict) != 1:
raise ValueError(
f"Expected exactly one task in suite '{suite_name}', but got {len(task_dict)}. "
f"Tasks: {list(task_dict.keys())}"
)
vec_env = task_dict[0]
logger.info(f"Created environment: suite='{suite_name}', task_id=0, num_envs={vec_env.num_envs}")
# Validate that we have exactly 1 parallel environment
if vec_env.num_envs != 1:
raise ValueError(
f"Expected exactly 1 parallel environment, but got {vec_env.num_envs}. "
f"The EnvWrapper is designed for single environment instances."
)
agent_wrapper = EnvWrapper(vec_env, cfg.env)
# Create robot observation processor
robot_observation_processor = make_default_robot_observation_processor()
robot_action_processor = make_default_robot_action_processor()
# Create action queue for communication between threads
action_queue = ActionQueue(cfg.rtc)
# Start chunk requester thread
get_actions_thread = Thread(
target=get_actions,
args=(policy, agent_wrapper, robot_observation_processor, action_queue, shutdown_event, cfg),
daemon=True,
name="GetActions",
)
get_actions_thread.start()
logger.info("Started get actions thread")
# Start action executor thread
actor_thread = Thread(
target=actor_control,
args=(agent_wrapper, robot_action_processor, action_queue, shutdown_event, cfg),
daemon=True,
name="Actor",
)
actor_thread.start()
logger.info("Started actor thread")
logger.info("Started stop by duration thread")
# Main thread monitors for duration or shutdown
logger.info(f"Running demo for {cfg.duration} seconds...")
start_time = time.time()
while not shutdown_event.is_set() and (time.time() - start_time) < cfg.duration:
time.sleep(10)
# Log queue status periodically
if int(time.time() - start_time) % 5 == 0:
logger.info(f"[MAIN] Action queue size: {action_queue.qsize()}")
if time.time() - start_time > cfg.duration:
break
logger.info("Demo duration reached or shutdown requested")
# Signal shutdown
shutdown_event.set()
# Wait for threads to finish
if get_actions_thread and get_actions_thread.is_alive():
logger.info("Waiting for chunk requester thread to finish...")
get_actions_thread.join()
if actor_thread and actor_thread.is_alive():
logger.info("Waiting for action executor thread to finish...")
actor_thread.join()
# Cleanup robot or environment
if cfg.robot is not None:
if robot:
robot.disconnect()
logger.info("Robot disconnected")
else:
# Close environment
if vec_env:
vec_env.close()
logger.info("Environment closed")
logger.info("Cleanup completed")
if __name__ == "__main__":
demo_cli()
logging.info("RTC demo finished")
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#!/bin/bash
# Example script to run RTC evaluation on dataset
# This shows different usage scenarios
set -e # Exit on error
POLICY_PATH="lerobot/smolvla_base"
DATASET="lerobot/pusht"
DEVICE="cuda" # Change to "cpu" or "mps" if needed
echo "========================================"
echo "RTC Dataset Evaluation Examples"
echo "========================================"
# Example 1: Quick evaluation (100 samples, every step)
echo -e "\n[Example 1] Quick evaluation - 100 samples, every step"
python examples/rtc/evaluate_rtc_on_dataset.py \
--policy.path="${POLICY_PATH}" \
--dataset.repo_id="${DATASET}" \
--num_iterations=100 \
--skip_steps=1 \
--device="${DEVICE}" \
--output_path="results/rtc_eval_quick.json"
# Example 2: Simulating realistic inference delay (every 3rd step)
echo -e "\n[Example 2] Realistic inference delay - 200 samples, every 3rd step"
python examples/rtc/evaluate_rtc_on_dataset.py \
--policy.path="${POLICY_PATH}" \
--dataset.repo_id="${DATASET}" \
--num_iterations=200 \
--skip_steps=3 \
--rtc.execution_horizon=10 \
--device="${DEVICE}" \
--output_path="results/rtc_eval_delay3.json"
# Example 3: Higher inference delay (every 5th step)
echo -e "\n[Example 3] High inference delay - 200 samples, every 5th step"
python examples/rtc/evaluate_rtc_on_dataset.py \
--policy.path="${POLICY_PATH}" \
--dataset.repo_id="${DATASET}" \
--num_iterations=200 \
--skip_steps=5 \
--rtc.execution_horizon=12 \
--device="${DEVICE}" \
--output_path="results/rtc_eval_delay5.json"
# Example 4: Testing different RTC configurations
echo -e "\n[Example 4] Different RTC config - LINEAR schedule"
python examples/rtc/evaluate_rtc_on_dataset.py \
--policy.path="${POLICY_PATH}" \
--dataset.repo_id="${DATASET}" \
--num_iterations=100 \
--skip_steps=3 \
--rtc.execution_horizon=8 \
--rtc.prefix_attention_schedule=LINEAR \
--rtc.max_guidance_weight=5.0 \
--device="${DEVICE}" \
--output_path="results/rtc_eval_linear.json"
# Example 5: Verbose mode for debugging
echo -e "\n[Example 5] Verbose mode - 20 samples with detailed output"
python examples/rtc/evaluate_rtc_on_dataset.py \
--policy.path="${POLICY_PATH}" \
--dataset.repo_id="${DATASET}" \
--num_iterations=20 \
--skip_steps=3 \
--device="${DEVICE}" \
--verbose=true \
--output_path="results/rtc_eval_verbose.json"
echo -e "\n========================================"
echo "All evaluations completed!"
echo "Results saved in results/ directory"
echo "========================================"