Files
lerobot/docker/Dockerfile.benchmark.robotwin
Pepijn 0f1c9b0851 feat(envs): add RoboTwin 2.0 benchmark (#3315)
* feat(envs): add RoboTwin 2.0 benchmark integration

- RoboTwinEnvConfig with 4-camera setup (head/front/left_wrist/right_wrist)
- Docker image with SAPIEN, mplib, CuRobo, pytorch3d (Python 3.12)
- CI workflow: 1-episode smoke eval with pepijn223/smolvla_robotwin
- RoboTwinProcessorStep for state float32 casting
- Camera rename_map: head_camera/front_camera/left_wrist -> camera1/2/3

* fix(robotwin): re-enable autograd for CuRobo planner warmup and take_action

lerobot_eval wraps the full rollout in torch.no_grad() (lerobot_eval.py:566),
but RoboTwin's setup_demo → load_robot → CuroboPlanner(...) runs
motion_gen.warmup(), which invokes Newton's-method trajectory optimization.
That optimizer calls cost.backward() internally, which raises

    RuntimeError: element 0 of tensors does not require grad and does not have a grad_fn

when autograd is disabled. take_action() hits the same planner path at every
step. Wrap both setup_demo and take_action in torch.enable_grad() so CuRobo's
optimizer can build its computation graph. Policy inference is unaffected —
rollout()'s inner torch.inference_mode() block around select_action() is
untouched, so we still don't allocate grad buffers during policy forward.

* fix(robotwin): read nested get_obs() output and use aloha-agilex camera names

RoboTwin's base_task.get_obs() returns a nested dict:

    {"observation": {cam: {"rgb": ..., "intrinsic_matrix": ...}},
     "joint_action": {"left_arm": ..., "left_gripper": ...,
                      "right_arm": ..., "right_gripper": ...,
                      "vector": np.ndarray},
     "endpose": {...}}

Our _get_obs was reading raw["{cam}_rgb"] / raw["{cam}"] and raw["joint_action"]
as if they were flat, so np.asarray(raw["joint_action"], dtype=float64) tripped
on a dict and raised

    TypeError: float() argument must be a string or a real number, not 'dict'

Fix:
- Pull images from raw["observation"][cam]["rgb"]
- Pull joint state from raw["joint_action"]["vector"] (the flat array)
- Update the default camera tuple to (head_camera, left_camera, right_camera)
  to match RoboTwin's actual wrist-camera names (envs/camera/camera.py:135-151)

* refactor(robotwin): drop defensive dict guards, cache black fallback frame

_get_obs was guarding every dict access with isinstance(..., dict) in case
RoboTwin's get_obs returned something else — but the API contract
(envs/_base_task.py:437) always returns a dict, so the guards were silently
masking real failures behind plausible-looking zero observations. Drop them.

Also:
- Cache a single black fallback frame in __init__ instead of allocating
  a fresh np.zeros((H, W, 3), uint8) for every missing camera on every
  step — the "camera not exposed" set is static per env.
- Only allocate the zero joint_state on the fallback path (not unconditionally
  before the real value overwrites it).
- Replace .flatten() with .ravel() (no copy when already 1-D).
- Fold the nested-dict schema comment and two identical torch.enable_grad()
  rationales into a single Autograd section in the class docstring.
- Fix stale `left_wrist` camera name in the observation docstring.

* fix(robotwin): align observation_space dims with D435 camera output

lerobot_eval crashed in gym.vector's SyncVectorEnv.reset with:

    ValueError: Output array is the wrong shape

because RoboTwinEnvConfig declared observation_space = (480, 640, 3) but
task_config/demo_clean.yml specifies head_camera_type=D435, which renders
(240, 320, 3). gym.vector.concatenate pre-allocates a buffer from the
declared space, so the first np.stack raises on shape mismatch.

Changes:
- Config defaults now 240×320 (the D435 dims in _camera_config.yml), with
  a comment pointing at the source of truth.
- RoboTwinEnv.__init__ accepts observation_height/width as Optional and
  falls back to setup_kwargs["head_camera_h/w"] so the env is self-consistent
  even if the config is not in sync.
- Config camera_names / features_map use the actual aloha-agilex camera
  names (head_camera, left_camera, right_camera). Drops the stale
  "front_camera" and "left_wrist"/"right_wrist" entries that never matched
  anything RoboTwin exposes.
- CI workflow's rename_map updated to match the new camera names.

* fix(robotwin): expose _max_episode_steps for lerobot_eval.rollout

rollout() does `env.call("_max_episode_steps")` (lerobot_eval.py:157) to
know when to stop stepping. LiberoEnv and MetaworldEnv set this attribute;
RoboTwinEnv was tracking the limit under `episode_length` only, so the call
raised AttributeError once CuRobo finished warming up.

* fix(robotwin): install av-dep so lerobot_eval can write rollout MP4s

write_video (utils/io_utils.py:53) lazily imports PyAV via require_package
and raises silently inside the video-writing thread when the extra is not
installed — so the eval itself succeeds with pc_success=100 but no MP4
ever lands in videos/, and the artifact upload reports "No files were
found". Add av-dep to the install line (same pattern as the RoboMME image).

* feat(robotwin): eval 5 diverse tasks per CI run with NL descriptions

Widen the smoke eval from a single task (beat_block_hammer) to five:
click_bell, handover_block, open_laptop, stack_blocks_two on top of the
original. Each gets its own rollout video in videos/<task>_0/ so the
dashboard can surface visually distinct behaviours.

extract_task_descriptions.py now has a RoboTwin branch that reads
`description/task_instruction/<task>.json` (already shipped in the clone
at /opt/robotwin) and pulls the `full_description` field. CI cds into
the clone before invoking the script so the relative path resolves.

parse_eval_metrics.py is invoked with the same 5-task list so the
metrics.json embeds one entry per task.

* ci: point benchmark eval checkpoints at the lerobot/ org mirrors

pepijn223/smolvla_* → lerobot/smolvla_* across every benchmark job in
this branch (libero, metaworld, and the per-branch benchmark). The
checkpoints were mirrored into the lerobot/ org and that's the canonical
location going forward.

* refactor(robotwin): rebase docker image on huggingface/lerobot-gpu

Mirror the libero/metaworld/libero_plus/robomme pattern: start from the
nightly GPU image (apt deps, python, uv, venv, lerobot[all] already
there) and layer on only what RoboTwin 2.0 uniquely needs —
cuda-nvcc + cuda-cudart-dev (CuRobo builds from source), Vulkan libs +
NVIDIA ICD (SAPIEN renderer), sapien/mplib/open3d/pytorch3d/curobo
installs, the mplib + sapien upstream patches, and the TianxingChen
asset download.

Drops ~90 lines of duplicated base setup (CUDA FROM, apt python, uv
install, user creation, venv init, base lerobot install). 199 → 110.

Also repoint the docs + env docstring dataset link from
hxma/RoboTwin-LeRobot-v3.0 to the canonical lerobot/robotwin_unified.

* docs(robotwin): add robotwin to _toctree.yml under Benchmarks

doc-builder's TOC integrity check was rejecting the branch because
docs/source/robotwin.mdx existed but wasn't listed in _toctree.yml.


* fix(robotwin): defer YAML lookup and realign tests with current API

__init__ was eagerly calling _load_robotwin_setup_kwargs just to read
head_camera_h/w from the YAML. That import (`from envs import CONFIGS_PATH`)
required a real RoboTwin install, so constructing the env — and thus every
test in tests/envs/test_robotwin.py — blew up with ModuleNotFoundError
on fast-tests where RoboTwin isn't installed.

Replace the eager lookup with DEFAULT_CAMERA_H/W constants (240×320, the
D435 dims baked into task_config/demo_clean.yml). reset() still resolves
the full setup_kwargs lazily — that's fine because reset() is only
called inside the benchmark Docker image where RoboTwin is present.

Also resync the test file with the current env API:
  - mock get_obs() as the real nested {"observation": {cam: {"rgb": …}},
    "joint_action": {"vector": …}} shape
  - patch both _load_robotwin_task and _load_robotwin_setup_kwargs
    (_patch_load → _patch_runtime)
  - drop `front_camera` / `left_wrist` from assertions — aloha-agilex
    exposes head_camera + left_camera + right_camera, not those
  - black-frame test now uses left_camera as the missing camera
  - setup_demo call check loosened to the caller-provided seed/is_test
    bits (full kwargs include the YAML-derived blob)

* fix: integrate PR #3315 review feedback

- ci: add Docker Hub login step, add HF_USER_TOKEN guard on eval step
- docker: tie patches to pinned versions with removal guidance, remove
  unnecessary HF_TOKEN for public dataset, fix hadolint warnings
- docs: fix paper link to arxiv, add teaser image, fix camera names
  (4→3 cameras), fix observation dims (480x640→240x320)


* fix(docs): correct RoboTwin 2.0 paper arxiv link


* fix(docs): use correct RoboTwin 2.0 teaser image URL


* fix(docs): use plain markdown image to fix MDX build

* ci(robotwin): smoke-eval 10 tasks instead of 5

Broader coverage on the RoboTwin 2.0 benchmark CI job: bump the smoke
eval from 5 tasks to 10 (one episode each). Added tasks are all drawn
from ROBOTWIN_TASKS and mirror the shape/complexity of the existing
set (simple single-object or single-fixture manipulations).

Tasks now run: beat_block_hammer, click_bell, handover_block,
open_laptop, stack_blocks_two, click_alarmclock, close_laptop,
close_microwave, open_microwave, place_block.

`parse_eval_metrics.py` reads `overall` for multi-task runs so no
parser change is needed. Bumped the step name and the metrics label
to reflect the 10-task layout.


* fix(ci): swap 4 broken RoboTwin tasks in smoke eval

The smoke eval hit two upstream issues:
- `open_laptop`: bug in OpenMOSS/RoboTwin main — `check_success()` uses
  `self.arm_tag`, but that attribute is only set inside `play_once()`
  (the scripted-expert path). During eval `take_action()` calls
  `check_success()` directly, hitting `AttributeError: 'open_laptop'
  object has no attribute 'arm_tag'`.
- `close_laptop`, `close_microwave`, `place_block`: not present in
  upstream RoboTwin `envs/` at all — our ROBOTWIN_TASKS tuple drifted
  from upstream and these names leaked into CI.

Replace the four broken tasks with upstream-confirmed equivalents
that exist both in ROBOTWIN_TASKS and in RoboTwin's `envs/`:
`adjust_bottle`, `lift_pot`, `stamp_seal`, `turn_switch`.

New 10-task smoke set: beat_block_hammer, click_bell, handover_block,
stack_blocks_two, click_alarmclock, open_microwave, adjust_bottle,
lift_pot, stamp_seal, turn_switch.


* fix(robotwin): sync ROBOTWIN_TASKS + doc with upstream (50 tasks)

The local ROBOTWIN_TASKS tuple drifted from upstream
RoboTwin-Platform/RoboTwin. Users passing names like `close_laptop`,
`close_microwave`, `dump_bin`, `place_block`, `pour_water`,
`fold_cloth`, etc. got past our validator (the names were in the
tuple) but then crashed inside robosuite with a confusing error,
because those tasks don't exist in upstream `envs/`.

- Replace ROBOTWIN_TASKS with a verbatim mirror of upstream's
  `envs/` directory: 50 tasks as of main (was 60 with many
  stale entries). Added a `gh api`-based one-liner comment so
  future bumps are mechanical.
- Update the `60 tasks` claims in robotwin.mdx and
  RoboTwinEnvConfig's docstring to `50`.
- Replace the stale example-task table in robotwin.mdx with ten
  upstream-confirmed examples, and flag `open_laptop` as
  temporarily broken (its `check_success()` uses `self.arm_tag`
  which is only set inside `play_once()`; eval-mode callers hit
  AttributeError).
- Rebuild the "Full benchmark" command with the actual 50-task
  list, omitting `open_laptop`.


* test(robotwin): lower task-count floor from 60 to 50

ROBOTWIN_TASKS was trimmed to 50 tasks (see comment in
`src/lerobot/envs/robotwin.py:48`), but the assertion still
required ≥60, causing CI failures. Align the test with the
current upstream task count.


* fix(envs): preserve AsyncVectorEnv metadata/unwrapped in lazy eval envs

Port of #3416 onto this branch.

* ci: gate Docker Hub login on secret availability


* fix: integrate PR #3315 review feedback

- envs(robotwin): default `observation_height/width` in
  `create_robotwin_envs` to `DEFAULT_CAMERA_H/W` (240/320) so they
  match the D435 dims baked into `task_config/demo_clean.yml`.
- envs(robotwin): resolve `task_config/demo_clean.yml` via
  `CONFIGS_PATH` instead of a cwd-relative path; works regardless
  of where `lerobot-eval` is invoked.
- envs(robotwin): replace `print()` calls in `create_robotwin_envs`
  with `logger.info(...)` (module-level `logger = logging.getLogger`).
- envs(robotwin): use `_LazyAsyncVectorEnv` for the async path so
  async workers start lazily (matches LIBERO / RoboCasa / VLABench).
- envs(robotwin): cast `agent_pos` space + joint-state output to
  float32 end-to-end (was mixed float64/float32).
- envs(configs): use the existing `_make_vec_env_cls(use_async,
  n_envs)` helper in `RoboTwinEnvConfig.create_envs`; drop the
  `get_env_processors` override so RoboTwin uses the identity
  processor inherited from `EnvConfig`.
- processor: delete `RoboTwinProcessorStep` — the float32 cast now
  happens in the wrapper itself, so the processor is redundant.
- tests: drop the `TestRoboTwinProcessorStep` suite; update the
  mock obs fixture to use float32 `joint_action.vector`.
- ci: hoist `ROBOTWIN_POLICY` and `ROBOTWIN_TASKS` to job-level
  env vars so the task list and policy aren't duplicated across
  eval / extract / parse steps.
- docker: pin RoboTwin + CuRobo upstream clones to commit SHAs
  (`RoboTwin@0aeea2d6`, `curobo@ca941586`) for reproducibility.
2026-04-20 17:46:39 +02:00

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Docker

# Copyright 2025 The HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# Benchmark image for RoboTwin 2.0 integration tests.
# Extends the nightly GPU image with the RoboTwin simulator stack:
# sapien/mplib/pytorch3d + NVlabs CuRobo + embodiments.zip + objects.zip
# (~3.96 GB of assets; background_texture.zip ~11 GB skipped for smoke eval).
#
# Build: docker build -f docker/Dockerfile.benchmark.robotwin -t lerobot-benchmark-robotwin .
# Run: docker run --gpus all --rm lerobot-benchmark-robotwin \
# lerobot-eval --env.type=robotwin --env.task=beat_block_hammer ...
FROM huggingface/lerobot-gpu:latest
ENV NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES=all \
VK_ICD_FILENAMES=/usr/share/vulkan/icd.d/nvidia_icd.json \
ROBOTWIN_ROOT=/opt/robotwin
# The nightly base is CUDA -base (no compiler, no Vulkan loader). CuRobo's
# `pip install -e .` runs nvcc, and SAPIEN renders via Vulkan — add both.
USER root
# Pinned upstream SHA for reproducible benchmark runs. Bump when we need
# an upstream fix; don't rely on `main` drift.
ARG ROBOTWIN_SHA=0aeea2d669c0f8516f4d5785f0aa33ba812c14b4
RUN apt-get update \
&& apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
cuda-nvcc-12-4 cuda-cudart-dev-12-4 \
libvulkan1 vulkan-tools \
&& mkdir -p /usr/share/vulkan/icd.d \
&& echo '{"file_format_version":"1.0.0","ICD":{"library_path":"libGLX_nvidia.so.0","api_version":"1.3.0"}}' \
> /usr/share/vulkan/icd.d/nvidia_icd.json \
&& git clone https://github.com/RoboTwin-Platform/RoboTwin.git ${ROBOTWIN_ROOT} \
&& git -C ${ROBOTWIN_ROOT} checkout ${ROBOTWIN_SHA} \
&& chown -R user_lerobot:user_lerobot ${ROBOTWIN_ROOT} \
&& apt-get clean && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
USER user_lerobot
# RoboTwin runtime deps (av is already in the base via [av-dep]).
RUN uv pip install --no-cache \
"sapien==3.0.0b1" "mplib==0.2.1" "transforms3d==0.4.2" "trimesh==4.4.3" \
"open3d==0.19.0" "imageio==2.34.2" termcolor zarr pydantic h5py
# pytorch3d has no universal wheel; must be built from source (~10 min, cached).
RUN uv pip install --no-cache --no-build-isolation \
"git+https://github.com/facebookresearch/pytorch3d.git@stable"
# CuRobo — NVlabs motion generator; TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST must be set or the
# build aborts on an empty arch list. Pinned SHA for reproducibility.
ARG CUROBO_SHA=ca941586c33b8482ed9c0e74d60f23efd64b516a
RUN cd ${ROBOTWIN_ROOT}/envs \
&& git clone https://github.com/NVlabs/curobo.git \
&& git -C curobo checkout ${CUROBO_SHA} \
&& cd curobo \
&& TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST="7.0;7.5;8.0;8.6;8.9;9.0" \
uv pip install -e . --no-build-isolation --no-cache
# Upstream patches (mirror RoboTwin's script/_install.sh).
# These patches target the exact versions pinned above; re-check when upgrading.
# mplib==0.2.1: drop a broken `or collide` clause in planner.py.
# Safe to remove once mplib > 0.2.1 ships with the fix upstream.
# sapien==3.0.0b1: fix URDF loader encoding + .srdf extension check.
# Safe to remove once sapien > 3.0.0b1 ships with the fix upstream.
RUN python - <<'EOF'
import pathlib, re, site
for d in site.getsitepackages():
p = pathlib.Path(d) / "mplib" / "planner.py"
if p.exists():
p.write_text(re.sub(r"\bor collide\b", "", p.read_text(), count=1))
print(f"mplib patch applied: {p}")
p = pathlib.Path(d) / "sapien" / "wrapper" / "urdf_loader.py"
if p.exists():
src = p.read_text().replace(
"with open(srdf_path) as f:", 'with open(srdf_path, encoding="utf-8") as f:'
).replace('"srdf"', '".srdf"')
p.write_text(src)
print(f"sapien patch applied: {p}")
EOF
# Simulation assets from TianxingChen/RoboTwin2.0: embodiments (~220 MB) +
# objects (~3.74 GB). background_texture (~11 GB) is intentionally skipped.
# The dataset is public — no auth token needed.
RUN python - <<'EOF'
import os, pathlib, zipfile
from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
assets_dir = pathlib.Path(os.environ["ROBOTWIN_ROOT"]) / "assets"
assets_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
for fname in ("embodiments.zip", "objects.zip"):
local = hf_hub_download(
repo_id="TianxingChen/RoboTwin2.0",
repo_type="dataset",
filename=fname,
local_dir=str(assets_dir),
)
with zipfile.ZipFile(local, "r") as z:
z.extractall(str(assets_dir))
pathlib.Path(local).unlink()
EOF
WORKDIR ${ROBOTWIN_ROOT}
RUN python script/update_embodiment_config_path.py
ENV PYTHONPATH="${ROBOTWIN_ROOT}:${PYTHONPATH}"
# Return to the lerobot source directory (set by base image) before overlaying.
WORKDIR /lerobot
# Overlay the PR's source code on top of the nightly image.
COPY --chown=user_lerobot:user_lerobot . .
CMD ["/bin/bash"]