Feat/add unitree g1 robot (#2530)

* add unitree_g1_robot_class

* finish locomotion loading code

* precommit

* separate groot locomotion logic

* remove leftover locomotion variable, unify kp kd

* format config

* properly comment config, example locomotion and unitree_g1 class

* ready to review

* download policy from the hub in `examples/unitree_g1/gr00t_locomotion`

* fix linter

* make precommit happy, add ignore flags

* linter pt3

* linter pt4

* [done] make precommit happy

* fix linter 5

* add docs

* push utils

* feat(robots): add Unitree G1 humanoid support with ZMQ bridge (#2539)

* feat(robots): add Unitree G1 humanoid support with ZMQ bridge

- Use JSON + base64 serialization for secure communication instead of pickle
- Add documentation section
- Rename robot_server to run_g1_server
- Add dependecies to pyproject.toml

* nit in docs

* remove globals use

* cast robot data to int/float

* ensure robot is connected before changing mode

* temperature can be list, average in such case

---------

Co-authored-by: Martino Russi <nopyeps@gmail.com>

* style nit

* remove transform_imu_data

* remove scipy dependency

* modify toml, add external unitree_sdk2py dep

* return actions from send_action

* cleaning

* add instructions for local deployment

* Update src/lerobot/robots/unitree_g1/unitree_g1.py

Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Signed-off-by: Martino Russi <77496684+nepyope@users.noreply.github.com>

* update config and readme

* update docs

* update docs

* remove torch import

* fix docs

* remove ip from docs

* add licence header

---------

Signed-off-by: Martino Russi <77496684+nepyope@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Michel Aractingi <michel.aractingi@huggingface.co>
Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
This commit is contained in:
Martino Russi
2025-12-01 16:10:13 +01:00
committed by GitHub
parent 5f7b5f2817
commit 37f43df88a
10 changed files with 1365 additions and 0 deletions
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@@ -79,6 +79,8 @@
title: Hope Jr
- local: reachy2
title: Reachy 2
- local: unitree_g1
title: Unitree G1
title: "Robots"
- sections:
- local: phone_teleop
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# Unitree G1 Robot Setup and Control
This guide covers the complete setup process for the Unitree G1 humanoid, from initial connection to running gr00t_wbc locomotion.
## About the Unitree G1
We offer support for both 29 and 23 DOF G1. In this first PR we introduce:
- **`unitree g1` robot class, handling low level communication with the humanoid**
- **ZMQ socket bridge** for remote communication over WiFi, allowing one to deploy policies remotely instead of over ethernet or directly on the Orin
- **GR00T locomotion policy** for bipedal walking and balance
---
## Part 1: Connect to Robot over Ethernet
### Step 1: Configure Your Computer's Ethernet Interface
Set a static IP on the same subnet as the robot:
```bash
# Replace 'enp131s0' with your ethernet interface name (check with `ip a`)
sudo ip addr flush dev enp131s0
sudo ip addr add 192.168.123.200/24 dev enp131s0
sudo ip link set enp131s0 up
```
**Note**: The robot's Ethernet IP is fixed at `192.168.123.164`. Your computer must use `192.168.123.x` where x ≠ 164.
### Step 2: SSH into the Robot
```bash
ssh unitree@192.168.123.164
# Password: 123
```
You should now be connected to the robot's onboard computer.
---
## Part 2: Enable WiFi on the Robot
Once connected via Ethernet, follow these steps to enable WiFi:
### Step 1: Enable WiFi Hardware
```bash
# Unblock WiFi radio
sudo rfkill unblock wifi
sudo rfkill unblock all
# Bring up WiFi interface
sudo ip link set wlan0 up
# Enable NetworkManager control
sudo nmcli radio wifi on
sudo nmcli device set wlan0 managed yes
sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager
```
### Step 2: Enable Internet Forwarding
**On your laptop:**
```bash
# Enable IP forwarding
sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
# Set up NAT (replace wlp132s0f0 with your WiFi interface)
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o wlp132s0f0 -s 192.168.123.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlp132s0f0 -o enp131s0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i enp131s0 -o wlp132s0f0 -j ACCEPT
```
**On the robot:**
```bash
# Add laptop as default gateway
sudo ip route del default 2>/dev/null || true
sudo ip route add default via 192.168.123.200 dev eth0
echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" | sudo tee /etc/resolv.conf
# Test connection
ping -c 3 8.8.8.8
```
### Step 3: Connect to WiFi Network
```bash
# List available networks
nmcli device wifi list
# Connect to your WiFi (example)
sudo nmcli connection add type wifi ifname wlan0 con-name "YourNetwork" ssid "YourNetwork"
sudo nmcli connection modify "YourNetwork" wifi-sec.key-mgmt wpa-psk
sudo nmcli connection modify "YourNetwork" wifi-sec.psk "YourPassword"
sudo nmcli connection modify "YourNetwork" connection.autoconnect yes
sudo nmcli connection up "YourNetwork"
# Check WiFi IP address
ip a show wlan0
```
### Step 4: SSH Over WiFi
Once connected to WiFi, note the robot's IP address and disconnect the Ethernet cable. You can now SSH over WiFi:
```bash
ssh unitree@<YOUR_ROBOT_IP>
# Password: 123
```
Replace `<YOUR_ROBOT_IP>` with your robot's actual WiFi IP address (e.g., `172.18.129.215`).
---
## Part 3: Robot Server Setup
### Step 1: Install LeRobot on the Orin
SSH into the robot and install LeRobot:
```bash
ssh unitree@<YOUR_ROBOT_IP>
conda create -y -n lerobot python=3.10
conda activate lerobot
git clone https://github.com/huggingface/lerobot.git
cd lerobot
pip install -e '.[unitree_g1]'
git clone https://github.com/unitreerobotics/unitree_sdk2_python.git
cd unitree_sdk2_python && pip install -e .
```
**Note**: The Unitree SDK requires CycloneDDS v0.10.2 to be installed. See the [Unitree SDK documentation](https://github.com/unitreerobotics/unitree_sdk2_python) for details.
### Step 2: Run the Robot Server
On the robot:
```bash
python src/lerobot/robots/unitree_g1/run_g1_server.py
```
**Important**: Keep this terminal running. The server must be active for remote control.
---
## Part 4: Running GR00T Locomotion
With the robot server running, you can now control the robot from your laptop.
### Step 1: Install LeRobot on your machine
```bash
conda create -y -n lerobot python=3.10
conda activate lerobot
git clone https://github.com/huggingface/lerobot.git
cd lerobot
pip install -e '.[unitree_g1]'
git clone https://github.com/unitreerobotics/unitree_sdk2_python.git
cd unitree_sdk2_python && pip install -e .
```
### Step 2: Update Robot IP in Config
Edit the config file to match your robot's WiFi IP:
```python
# In src/lerobot/robots/unitree_g1/config_unitree_g1.py
robot_ip: str = "<YOUR_ROBOT_IP>" # Replace with your robot's WiFi IP.
```
**Note**: When running directly on the G1 (not remotely), set `robot_ip: str = "127.0.0.1"` instead.
### Step 3: Run the Locomotion Policy
```bash
# Run GR00T locomotion controller
python examples/unitree_g1/gr00t_locomotion.py --repo-id "nepyope/GR00T-WholeBodyControl_g1"
```
### Step 4: Control with Remote
- **Left stick**: Forward/backward and left/right movement
- **Right stick**: Rotation
- **R1 button**: Raise waist height
- **R2 button**: Lower waist height
Press `Ctrl+C` to stop the policy.
---
## Additional Resources
- [Unitree SDK Documentation](https://github.com/unitreerobotics/unitree_sdk2_python)
- [GR00T Policy Repository](https://huggingface.co/nepyope/GR00T-WholeBodyControl_g1)
- [LeRobot Documentation](https://github.com/huggingface/lerobot)
- [Unitree_IL_Lerobot](https://github.com/unitreerobotics/unitree_IL_lerobot)
---
_Last updated: December 2025_
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#!/usr/bin/env python
# Copyright 2025 The HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""
Example: GR00T Locomotion with Pre-loaded Policies
This example demonstrates the NEW pattern for loading GR00T policies externally
and passing them to the robot class.
"""
import argparse
import logging
import threading
import time
from collections import deque
import numpy as np
import onnxruntime as ort
from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
from lerobot.robots.unitree_g1.config_unitree_g1 import UnitreeG1Config
from lerobot.robots.unitree_g1.unitree_g1 import UnitreeG1
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
GROOT_DEFAULT_ANGLES = np.zeros(29, dtype=np.float32)
GROOT_DEFAULT_ANGLES[[0, 6]] = -0.1 # hip pitch
GROOT_DEFAULT_ANGLES[[3, 9]] = 0.3 # knee
GROOT_DEFAULT_ANGLES[[4, 10]] = -0.2 # ankle pitch
MISSING_JOINTS = []
G1_MODEL = "g1_23" # or "g1_29"
if G1_MODEL == "g1_23":
MISSING_JOINTS = [12, 14, 20, 21, 27, 28] # waist yaw/pitch, wrist pitch/yaw
LOCOMOTION_ACTION_SCALE = 0.25
LOCOMOTION_CONTROL_DT = 0.02
ANG_VEL_SCALE: float = 0.25
DOF_POS_SCALE: float = 1.0
DOF_VEL_SCALE: float = 0.05
CMD_SCALE: list = [2.0, 2.0, 0.25]
DEFAULT_GROOT_REPO_ID = "nepyope/GR00T-WholeBodyControl_g1"
def load_groot_policies(
repo_id: str = DEFAULT_GROOT_REPO_ID,
) -> tuple[ort.InferenceSession, ort.InferenceSession]:
"""Load GR00T dual-policy system (Balance + Walk) from Hugging Face Hub.
Args:
repo_id: Hugging Face Hub repository ID containing the ONNX policies.
"""
logger.info(f"Loading GR00T dual-policy system from Hugging Face Hub ({repo_id})...")
# Download ONNX policies from Hugging Face Hub
balance_path = hf_hub_download(
repo_id=repo_id,
filename="GR00T-WholeBodyControl-Balance.onnx",
)
walk_path = hf_hub_download(
repo_id=repo_id,
filename="GR00T-WholeBodyControl-Walk.onnx",
)
# Load ONNX policies
policy_balance = ort.InferenceSession(balance_path)
policy_walk = ort.InferenceSession(walk_path)
logger.info("GR00T policies loaded successfully")
return policy_balance, policy_walk
class GrootLocomotionController:
"""
Handles GR00T-style locomotion control for the Unitree G1 robot.
This controller manages:
- Dual-policy system (Balance + Walk)
- 29-joint observation processing
- 15D action output (legs + waist)
- Policy inference and motor command generation
"""
def __init__(self, policy_balance, policy_walk, robot, config):
self.policy_balance = policy_balance
self.policy_walk = policy_walk
self.robot = robot
self.config = config
self.locomotion_cmd = np.array([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], dtype=np.float32) # vx, vy, theta_dot
# GR00T-specific state
self.groot_qj_all = np.zeros(29, dtype=np.float32)
self.groot_dqj_all = np.zeros(29, dtype=np.float32)
self.groot_action = np.zeros(15, dtype=np.float32)
self.groot_obs_single = np.zeros(86, dtype=np.float32)
self.groot_obs_history = deque(maxlen=6)
self.groot_obs_stacked = np.zeros(516, dtype=np.float32)
self.groot_height_cmd = 0.74 # Default base height
self.groot_orientation_cmd = np.array([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], dtype=np.float32)
# input to gr00t is 6 frames (6*86D=516)
for _ in range(6):
self.groot_obs_history.append(np.zeros(86, dtype=np.float32))
# Thread management
self.locomotion_running = False
self.locomotion_thread = None
logger.info("GrootLocomotionController initialized")
def groot_locomotion_run(self):
# get current observation
robot_state = self.robot.get_observation()
if robot_state is None:
return
# get command from remote controller
if robot_state.wireless_remote is not None:
self.robot.remote_controller.set(robot_state.wireless_remote)
if self.robot.remote_controller.button[0]: # R1 - raise waist
self.groot_height_cmd += 0.001
self.groot_height_cmd = np.clip(self.groot_height_cmd, 0.50, 1.00)
if self.robot.remote_controller.button[4]: # R2 - lower waist
self.groot_height_cmd -= 0.001
self.groot_height_cmd = np.clip(self.groot_height_cmd, 0.50, 1.00)
else:
self.robot.remote_controller.lx = 0.0
self.robot.remote_controller.ly = 0.0
self.robot.remote_controller.rx = 0.0
self.robot.remote_controller.ry = 0.0
self.locomotion_cmd[0] = self.robot.remote_controller.ly # forward/backward
self.locomotion_cmd[1] = self.robot.remote_controller.lx * -1 # left/right
self.locomotion_cmd[2] = self.robot.remote_controller.rx * -1 # rotation rate
for i in range(29):
self.groot_qj_all[i] = robot_state.motor_state[i].q
self.groot_dqj_all[i] = robot_state.motor_state[i].dq
# adapt observation for g1_23dof
for idx in MISSING_JOINTS:
self.groot_qj_all[idx] = 0.0
self.groot_dqj_all[idx] = 0.0
# Scale joint positions and velocities
qj_obs = self.groot_qj_all.copy()
dqj_obs = self.groot_dqj_all.copy()
# express imu data in gravity frame of reference
quat = robot_state.imu_state.quaternion
ang_vel = np.array(robot_state.imu_state.gyroscope, dtype=np.float32)
gravity_orientation = self.robot.get_gravity_orientation(quat)
# scale joint positions and velocities before policy inference
qj_obs = (qj_obs - GROOT_DEFAULT_ANGLES) * DOF_POS_SCALE
dqj_obs = dqj_obs * DOF_VEL_SCALE
ang_vel_scaled = ang_vel * ANG_VEL_SCALE
# build single frame observation
self.groot_obs_single[:3] = self.locomotion_cmd * np.array(CMD_SCALE)
self.groot_obs_single[3] = self.groot_height_cmd
self.groot_obs_single[4:7] = self.groot_orientation_cmd
self.groot_obs_single[7:10] = ang_vel_scaled
self.groot_obs_single[10:13] = gravity_orientation
self.groot_obs_single[13:42] = qj_obs
self.groot_obs_single[42:71] = dqj_obs
self.groot_obs_single[71:86] = self.groot_action # 15D previous actions
# Add to history and stack observations (6 frames × 86D = 516D)
self.groot_obs_history.append(self.groot_obs_single.copy())
# Stack all 6 frames into 516D vector
for i, obs_frame in enumerate(self.groot_obs_history):
start_idx = i * 86
end_idx = start_idx + 86
self.groot_obs_stacked[start_idx:end_idx] = obs_frame
# Run policy inference (ONNX) with 516D stacked observation
cmd_magnitude = np.linalg.norm(self.locomotion_cmd)
selected_policy = (
self.policy_balance if cmd_magnitude < 0.05 else self.policy_walk
) # balance/standing policy for small commands, walking policy for movement commands
# run policy inference
ort_inputs = {selected_policy.get_inputs()[0].name: np.expand_dims(self.groot_obs_stacked, axis=0)}
ort_outs = selected_policy.run(None, ort_inputs)
self.groot_action = ort_outs[0].squeeze()
# transform action back to target joint positions
target_dof_pos_15 = GROOT_DEFAULT_ANGLES[:15] + self.groot_action * LOCOMOTION_ACTION_SCALE
# command motors
for i in range(15):
motor_idx = i
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[motor_idx].q = target_dof_pos_15[i]
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[motor_idx].qd = 0
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[motor_idx].kp = self.robot.kp[motor_idx]
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[motor_idx].kd = self.robot.kd[motor_idx]
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[motor_idx].tau = 0
# adapt action for g1_23dof
for joint_idx in MISSING_JOINTS:
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[joint_idx].q = 0.0
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[joint_idx].qd = 0
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[joint_idx].kp = self.robot.kp[joint_idx]
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[joint_idx].kd = self.robot.kd[joint_idx]
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[joint_idx].tau = 0
# send action to robot
self.robot.send_action(self.robot.msg)
def _locomotion_thread_loop(self):
"""Background thread that runs the locomotion policy at specified rate."""
logger.info("Locomotion thread started")
while self.locomotion_running:
start_time = time.time()
try:
self.groot_locomotion_run()
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"Error in locomotion loop: {e}")
# Sleep to maintain control rate
elapsed = time.time() - start_time
sleep_time = max(0, LOCOMOTION_CONTROL_DT - elapsed)
time.sleep(sleep_time)
logger.info("Locomotion thread stopped")
def start_locomotion_thread(self):
if self.locomotion_running:
logger.warning("Locomotion thread already running")
return
logger.info("Starting locomotion control thread...")
self.locomotion_running = True
self.locomotion_thread = threading.Thread(target=self._locomotion_thread_loop, daemon=True)
self.locomotion_thread.start()
logger.info("Locomotion control thread started!")
def stop_locomotion_thread(self):
if not self.locomotion_running:
return
logger.info("Stopping locomotion control thread...")
self.locomotion_running = False
if self.locomotion_thread:
self.locomotion_thread.join(timeout=2.0)
logger.info("Locomotion control thread stopped")
def reset_robot(self):
"""Move robot legs to default standing position over 2 seconds (arms are not moved)."""
total_time = 3.0
num_step = int(total_time / self.robot.control_dt)
# Only control legs, not arms (first 12 joints)
default_pos = GROOT_DEFAULT_ANGLES # First 12 values are leg angles
dof_size = len(default_pos)
# Get current lowstate
robot_state = self.robot.get_observation()
# Record the current leg positions
init_dof_pos = np.zeros(dof_size, dtype=np.float32)
for i in range(dof_size):
init_dof_pos[i] = robot_state.motor_state[i].q
# Move legs to default pos
for i in range(num_step):
alpha = i / num_step
for motor_idx in range(dof_size):
target_pos = default_pos[motor_idx]
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[motor_idx].q = (
init_dof_pos[motor_idx] * (1 - alpha) + target_pos * alpha
)
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[motor_idx].qd = 0
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[motor_idx].kp = self.robot.kp[motor_idx]
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[motor_idx].kd = self.robot.kd[motor_idx]
self.robot.msg.motor_cmd[motor_idx].tau = 0
self.robot.msg.crc = self.robot.crc.Crc(self.robot.msg)
self.robot.lowcmd_publisher.Write(self.robot.msg)
time.sleep(self.robot.control_dt)
logger.info("Reached default position (legs only)")
if __name__ == "__main__":
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="GR00T Locomotion Controller for Unitree G1")
parser.add_argument(
"--repo-id",
type=str,
default=DEFAULT_GROOT_REPO_ID,
help=f"Hugging Face Hub repo ID for GR00T policies (default: {DEFAULT_GROOT_REPO_ID})",
)
args = parser.parse_args()
# load policies
policy_balance, policy_walk = load_groot_policies(repo_id=args.repo_id)
# initialize robot
config = UnitreeG1Config()
robot = UnitreeG1(config)
# initialize gr00t locomotion controller
groot_controller = GrootLocomotionController(
policy_balance=policy_balance,
policy_walk=policy_walk,
robot=robot,
config=config,
)
# reset legs and start locomotion thread
try:
groot_controller.reset_robot()
groot_controller.start_locomotion_thread()
# log status
logger.info("Robot initialized with GR00T locomotion policies")
logger.info("Locomotion controller running in background thread")
logger.info("Press Ctrl+C to stop")
# keep robot alive
while True:
time.sleep(1.0)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("\nStopping locomotion...")
groot_controller.stop_locomotion_thread()
print("Done!")
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@@ -107,6 +107,10 @@ dynamixel = ["dynamixel-sdk>=3.7.31,<3.9.0"]
gamepad = ["lerobot[pygame-dep]", "hidapi>=0.14.0,<0.15.0"]
hopejr = ["lerobot[feetech]", "lerobot[pygame-dep]"]
lekiwi = ["lerobot[feetech]", "pyzmq>=26.2.1,<28.0.0"]
unitree_g1 = [
"pyzmq>=26.2.1,<28.0.0",
"onnxruntime>=1.16.0"
]
reachy2 = ["reachy2_sdk>=1.0.14,<1.1.0"]
kinematics = ["lerobot[placo-dep]"]
intelrealsense = [
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@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
# Copyright 2025 The HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
from .config_unitree_g1 import UnitreeG1Config
from .unitree_g1 import UnitreeG1
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
# Copyright 2025 The HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from ..config import RobotConfig
_GAINS: dict[str, dict[str, list[float]]] = {
"left_leg": {
"kp": [150, 150, 150, 300, 40, 40],
"kd": [2, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2],
}, # pitch, roll, yaw, knee, ankle_pitch, ankle_roll
"right_leg": {"kp": [150, 150, 150, 300, 40, 40], "kd": [2, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2]},
"waist": {"kp": [250, 250, 250], "kd": [5, 5, 5]}, # yaw, roll, pitch
"left_arm": {"kp": [80, 80, 80, 80], "kd": [3, 3, 3, 3]}, # shoulder_pitch/roll/yaw, elbow
"left_wrist": {"kp": [40, 40, 40], "kd": [1.5, 1.5, 1.5]}, # roll, pitch, yaw
"right_arm": {"kp": [80, 80, 80, 80], "kd": [3, 3, 3, 3]},
"right_wrist": {"kp": [40, 40, 40], "kd": [1.5, 1.5, 1.5]},
"other": {"kp": [80, 80, 80, 80, 80, 80], "kd": [3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3]},
}
def _build_gains() -> tuple[list[float], list[float]]:
"""Build kp and kd lists from body-part groupings."""
kp = [v for g in _GAINS.values() for v in g["kp"]]
kd = [v for g in _GAINS.values() for v in g["kd"]]
return kp, kd
_DEFAULT_KP, _DEFAULT_KD = _build_gains()
@RobotConfig.register_subclass("unitree_g1")
@dataclass
class UnitreeG1Config(RobotConfig):
kp: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: _DEFAULT_KP.copy())
kd: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: _DEFAULT_KD.copy())
control_dt: float = 1.0 / 250.0 # 250Hz
# socket config for ZMQ bridge
robot_ip: str = "192.168.123.164"
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#!/usr/bin/env python
# Copyright 2025 The HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
from enum import IntEnum
# ruff: noqa: N801, N815
NUM_MOTORS = 35
class G1_29_JointArmIndex(IntEnum):
# Left arm
kLeftShoulderPitch = 15
kLeftShoulderRoll = 16
kLeftShoulderYaw = 17
kLeftElbow = 18
kLeftWristRoll = 19
kLeftWristPitch = 20
kLeftWristyaw = 21
# Right arm
kRightShoulderPitch = 22
kRightShoulderRoll = 23
kRightShoulderYaw = 24
kRightElbow = 25
kRightWristRoll = 26
kRightWristPitch = 27
kRightWristYaw = 28
class G1_29_JointIndex(IntEnum):
# Left leg
kLeftHipPitch = 0
kLeftHipRoll = 1
kLeftHipYaw = 2
kLeftKnee = 3
kLeftAnklePitch = 4
kLeftAnkleRoll = 5
# Right leg
kRightHipPitch = 6
kRightHipRoll = 7
kRightHipYaw = 8
kRightKnee = 9
kRightAnklePitch = 10
kRightAnkleRoll = 11
kWaistYaw = 12
kWaistRoll = 13
kWaistPitch = 14
# Left arm
kLeftShoulderPitch = 15
kLeftShoulderRoll = 16
kLeftShoulderYaw = 17
kLeftElbow = 18
kLeftWristRoll = 19
kLeftWristPitch = 20
kLeftWristyaw = 21
# Right arm
kRightShoulderPitch = 22
kRightShoulderRoll = 23
kRightShoulderYaw = 24
kRightElbow = 25
kRightWristRoll = 26
kRightWristPitch = 27
kRightWristYaw = 28
# not used
kNotUsedJoint0 = 29
kNotUsedJoint1 = 30
kNotUsedJoint2 = 31
kNotUsedJoint3 = 32
kNotUsedJoint4 = 33
kNotUsedJoint5 = 34
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# Copyright 2025 The HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""
DDS-to-ZMQ bridge server for Unitree G1 robot.
This server runs on the robot and forwards:
- Robot state (LowState) from DDS to ZMQ (for remote clients)
- Robot commands (LowCmd) from ZMQ to DDS (from remote clients)
Uses JSON for secure serialization instead of pickle.
"""
import base64
import contextlib
import json
import threading
import time
from typing import Any
import zmq
from unitree_sdk2py.comm.motion_switcher.motion_switcher_client import MotionSwitcherClient
from unitree_sdk2py.core.channel import ChannelFactoryInitialize, ChannelPublisher, ChannelSubscriber
from unitree_sdk2py.idl.default import unitree_hg_msg_dds__LowCmd_
from unitree_sdk2py.idl.unitree_hg.msg.dds_ import LowCmd_ as hg_LowCmd, LowState_ as hg_LowState
from unitree_sdk2py.utils.crc import CRC
# DDS topic names follow Unitree SDK naming conventions
# ruff: noqa: N816
kTopicLowCommand_Debug = "rt/lowcmd" # action to robot
kTopicLowState = "rt/lowstate" # observation from robot
LOWCMD_PORT = 6000
LOWSTATE_PORT = 6001
NUM_MOTORS = 35
def lowstate_to_dict(msg: hg_LowState) -> dict[str, Any]:
"""Convert LowState SDK message to a JSON-serializable dictionary."""
motor_states = []
for i in range(NUM_MOTORS):
temp = msg.motor_state[i].temperature
avg_temp = float(sum(temp) / len(temp)) if isinstance(temp, list) else float(temp)
motor_states.append(
{
"q": float(msg.motor_state[i].q),
"dq": float(msg.motor_state[i].dq),
"tau_est": float(msg.motor_state[i].tau_est),
"temperature": avg_temp,
}
)
return {
"motor_state": motor_states,
"imu_state": {
"quaternion": [float(x) for x in msg.imu_state.quaternion],
"gyroscope": [float(x) for x in msg.imu_state.gyroscope],
"accelerometer": [float(x) for x in msg.imu_state.accelerometer],
"rpy": [float(x) for x in msg.imu_state.rpy],
"temperature": float(msg.imu_state.temperature),
},
# Encode bytes as base64 for JSON compatibility
"wireless_remote": base64.b64encode(bytes(msg.wireless_remote)).decode("ascii"),
"mode_machine": int(msg.mode_machine),
}
def dict_to_lowcmd(data: dict[str, Any]) -> hg_LowCmd:
"""Convert dictionary back to LowCmd SDK message."""
cmd = unitree_hg_msg_dds__LowCmd_()
cmd.mode_pr = data.get("mode_pr", 0)
cmd.mode_machine = data.get("mode_machine", 0)
for i, motor_data in enumerate(data.get("motor_cmd", [])):
cmd.motor_cmd[i].mode = motor_data.get("mode", 0)
cmd.motor_cmd[i].q = motor_data.get("q", 0.0)
cmd.motor_cmd[i].dq = motor_data.get("dq", 0.0)
cmd.motor_cmd[i].kp = motor_data.get("kp", 0.0)
cmd.motor_cmd[i].kd = motor_data.get("kd", 0.0)
cmd.motor_cmd[i].tau = motor_data.get("tau", 0.0)
return cmd
def state_forward_loop(
lowstate_sub: ChannelSubscriber,
lowstate_sock: zmq.Socket,
state_period: float,
) -> None:
"""Read observation from DDS and forward to ZMQ clients."""
last_state_time = 0.0
while True:
# read from DDS
msg = lowstate_sub.Read()
if msg is None:
continue
now = time.time()
# optional downsampling (if robot dds rate > state_period)
if now - last_state_time >= state_period:
# Convert to dict and serialize with JSON
state_dict = lowstate_to_dict(msg)
payload = json.dumps({"topic": kTopicLowState, "data": state_dict}).encode("utf-8")
# if no subscribers / tx buffer full, just drop
with contextlib.suppress(zmq.Again):
lowstate_sock.send(payload, zmq.NOBLOCK)
last_state_time = now
def cmd_forward_loop(
lowcmd_sock: zmq.Socket,
lowcmd_pub_debug: ChannelPublisher,
crc: CRC,
) -> None:
"""Receive commands from ZMQ and forward to DDS."""
while True:
payload = lowcmd_sock.recv()
msg_dict = json.loads(payload.decode("utf-8"))
topic = msg_dict.get("topic", "")
cmd_data = msg_dict.get("data", {})
# Reconstruct LowCmd object from dict
cmd = dict_to_lowcmd(cmd_data)
# recompute crc
cmd.crc = crc.Crc(cmd)
if topic == kTopicLowCommand_Debug:
lowcmd_pub_debug.Write(cmd)
def main() -> None:
"""Main entry point for the robot server bridge."""
# initialize DDS
ChannelFactoryInitialize(0)
# stop all active publishers on the robot
msc = MotionSwitcherClient()
msc.SetTimeout(5.0)
msc.Init()
status, result = msc.CheckMode()
while result is not None and "name" in result and result["name"]:
msc.ReleaseMode()
status, result = msc.CheckMode()
time.sleep(1.0)
crc = CRC()
# initialize DDS publisher
lowcmd_pub_debug = ChannelPublisher(kTopicLowCommand_Debug, hg_LowCmd)
lowcmd_pub_debug.Init()
# initialize DDS subscriber
lowstate_sub = ChannelSubscriber(kTopicLowState, hg_LowState)
lowstate_sub.Init()
# initialize ZMQ
ctx = zmq.Context.instance()
# receive commands from remote client
lowcmd_sock = ctx.socket(zmq.PULL)
lowcmd_sock.bind(f"tcp://0.0.0.0:{LOWCMD_PORT}")
# publish state to remote clients
lowstate_sock = ctx.socket(zmq.PUB)
lowstate_sock.bind(f"tcp://0.0.0.0:{LOWSTATE_PORT}")
state_period = 0.002 # ~500 hz
# start observation forwarding thread
t_state = threading.Thread(
target=state_forward_loop,
args=(lowstate_sub, lowstate_sock, state_period),
daemon=True,
)
t_state.start()
# start action forwarding thread
t_cmd = threading.Thread(
target=cmd_forward_loop,
args=(lowcmd_sock, lowcmd_pub_debug, crc),
daemon=True,
)
t_cmd.start()
print("bridge running (lowstate -> zmq, lowcmd -> dds)")
# keep main thread alive so daemon threads don't exit
try:
while True:
time.sleep(1.0)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("shutting down bridge...")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
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#!/usr/bin/env python
# Copyright 2025 The HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import logging
import struct
import threading
import time
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from functools import cached_property
from typing import Any
import numpy as np
from unitree_sdk2py.idl.default import unitree_hg_msg_dds__LowCmd_
from unitree_sdk2py.idl.unitree_hg.msg.dds_ import (
LowCmd_ as hg_LowCmd,
LowState_ as hg_LowState,
)
from unitree_sdk2py.utils.crc import CRC
from lerobot.robots.unitree_g1.g1_utils import G1_29_JointIndex
from lerobot.robots.unitree_g1.unitree_sdk2_socket import (
ChannelFactoryInitialize,
ChannelPublisher,
ChannelSubscriber,
)
from ..robot import Robot
from .config_unitree_g1 import UnitreeG1Config
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# DDS topic names follow Unitree SDK naming conventions
# ruff: noqa: N816
kTopicLowCommand_Debug = "rt/lowcmd"
kTopicLowState = "rt/lowstate"
G1_29_Num_Motors = 35
G1_23_Num_Motors = 35
H1_2_Num_Motors = 35
H1_Num_Motors = 20
@dataclass
class MotorState:
q: float | None = None # position
dq: float | None = None # velocity
tau_est: float | None = None # estimated torque
temperature: float | None = None # motor temperature
@dataclass
class IMUState:
quaternion: np.ndarray | None = None # [w, x, y, z]
gyroscope: np.ndarray | None = None # [x, y, z] angular velocity (rad/s)
accelerometer: np.ndarray | None = None # [x, y, z] linear acceleration (m/s²)
rpy: np.ndarray | None = None # [roll, pitch, yaw] (rad)
temperature: float | None = None # IMU temperature
# g1 observation class
@dataclass
class G1_29_LowState: # noqa: N801
motor_state: list[MotorState] = field(
default_factory=lambda: [MotorState() for _ in range(G1_29_Num_Motors)]
)
imu_state: IMUState = field(default_factory=IMUState)
wireless_remote: Any = None # Raw wireless remote data
mode_machine: int = 0 # Robot mode
class DataBuffer:
def __init__(self):
self.data = None
self.lock = threading.Lock()
def get_data(self):
with self.lock:
return self.data
def set_data(self, data):
with self.lock:
self.data = data
class UnitreeG1(Robot):
config_class = UnitreeG1Config
name = "unitree_g1"
# unitree remote controller
class RemoteController:
def __init__(self):
self.lx = 0
self.ly = 0
self.rx = 0
self.ry = 0
self.button = [0] * 16
def set(self, data):
# wireless_remote
keys = struct.unpack("H", data[2:4])[0]
for i in range(16):
self.button[i] = (keys & (1 << i)) >> i
self.lx = struct.unpack("f", data[4:8])[0]
self.rx = struct.unpack("f", data[8:12])[0]
self.ry = struct.unpack("f", data[12:16])[0]
self.ly = struct.unpack("f", data[20:24])[0]
def __init__(self, config: UnitreeG1Config):
super().__init__(config)
logger.info("Initialize UnitreeG1...")
self.config = config
self.control_dt = config.control_dt
# connect robot
self.connect()
# initialize direct motor control interface
self.lowcmd_publisher = ChannelPublisher(kTopicLowCommand_Debug, hg_LowCmd)
self.lowcmd_publisher.Init()
self.lowstate_subscriber = ChannelSubscriber(kTopicLowState, hg_LowState)
self.lowstate_subscriber.Init()
self.lowstate_buffer = DataBuffer()
# initialize subscribe thread to read robot state
self.subscribe_thread = threading.Thread(target=self._subscribe_motor_state)
self.subscribe_thread.daemon = True
self.subscribe_thread.start()
while not self.is_connected:
time.sleep(0.1)
# initialize hg's lowcmd msg
self.crc = CRC()
self.msg = unitree_hg_msg_dds__LowCmd_()
self.msg.mode_pr = 0
# Wait for first state message to arrive
lowstate = None
while lowstate is None:
lowstate = self.lowstate_buffer.get_data()
if lowstate is None:
time.sleep(0.01)
logger.warning("[UnitreeG1] Waiting for robot state...")
logger.warning("[UnitreeG1] Connected to robot.")
self.msg.mode_machine = lowstate.mode_machine
# initialize all motors with unified kp/kd from config
self.kp = np.array(config.kp, dtype=np.float32)
self.kd = np.array(config.kd, dtype=np.float32)
for id in G1_29_JointIndex:
self.msg.motor_cmd[id].mode = 1
self.msg.motor_cmd[id].kp = self.kp[id.value]
self.msg.motor_cmd[id].kd = self.kd[id.value]
self.msg.motor_cmd[id].q = lowstate.motor_state[id.value].q
# Initialize remote controller
self.remote_controller = self.RemoteController()
def _subscribe_motor_state(self): # polls robot state @ 250Hz
while True:
start_time = time.time()
msg = self.lowstate_subscriber.Read()
if msg is not None:
lowstate = G1_29_LowState()
# Capture motor states
for id in range(G1_29_Num_Motors):
lowstate.motor_state[id].q = msg.motor_state[id].q
lowstate.motor_state[id].dq = msg.motor_state[id].dq
lowstate.motor_state[id].tau_est = msg.motor_state[id].tau_est
lowstate.motor_state[id].temperature = msg.motor_state[id].temperature
# Capture IMU state
lowstate.imu_state.quaternion = list(msg.imu_state.quaternion)
lowstate.imu_state.gyroscope = list(msg.imu_state.gyroscope)
lowstate.imu_state.accelerometer = list(msg.imu_state.accelerometer)
lowstate.imu_state.rpy = list(msg.imu_state.rpy)
lowstate.imu_state.temperature = msg.imu_state.temperature
# Capture wireless remote data
lowstate.wireless_remote = msg.wireless_remote
# Capture mode_machine
lowstate.mode_machine = msg.mode_machine
self.lowstate_buffer.set_data(lowstate)
current_time = time.time()
all_t_elapsed = current_time - start_time
sleep_time = max(0, (self.control_dt - all_t_elapsed)) # maintain constant control dt
time.sleep(sleep_time)
@cached_property
def action_features(self) -> dict[str, type]:
return {f"{G1_29_JointIndex(motor).name}.pos": float for motor in G1_29_JointIndex}
def calibrate(self) -> None: # robot is already calibrated
pass
def configure(self) -> None:
pass
def connect(self, calibrate: bool = True) -> None: # connect to DDS
ChannelFactoryInitialize(0)
def disconnect(self):
pass
def get_observation(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
return self.lowstate_buffer.get_data()
@property
def is_calibrated(self) -> bool:
return True
@property
def is_connected(self) -> bool:
return self.lowstate_buffer.get_data() is not None
@property
def _motors_ft(self) -> dict[str, type]:
return {f"{G1_29_JointIndex(motor).name}.pos": float for motor in G1_29_JointIndex}
@property
def _cameras_ft(self) -> dict[str, tuple]:
return {
cam: (self.config.cameras[cam].height, self.config.cameras[cam].width, 3) for cam in self.cameras
}
@cached_property
def observation_features(self) -> dict[str, type | tuple]:
return {**self._motors_ft, **self._cameras_ft}
def send_action(self, action: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
self.msg.crc = self.crc.Crc(action)
self.lowcmd_publisher.Write(action)
return action
def get_gravity_orientation(self, quaternion): # get gravity orientation from quaternion
"""Get gravity orientation from quaternion."""
qw = quaternion[0]
qx = quaternion[1]
qy = quaternion[2]
qz = quaternion[3]
gravity_orientation = np.zeros(3)
gravity_orientation[0] = 2 * (-qz * qx + qw * qy)
gravity_orientation[1] = -2 * (qz * qy + qw * qx)
gravity_orientation[2] = 1 - 2 * (qw * qw + qz * qz)
return gravity_orientation
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
# Copyright 2025 The HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import base64
import json
from typing import Any
import zmq
from lerobot.robots.unitree_g1.config_unitree_g1 import UnitreeG1Config
_ctx: zmq.Context | None = None
_lowcmd_sock: zmq.Socket | None = None
_lowstate_sock: zmq.Socket | None = None
LOWCMD_PORT = 6000
LOWSTATE_PORT = 6001
# DDS topic names follow Unitree SDK naming conventions
# ruff: noqa: N816
kTopicLowCommand_Debug = "rt/lowcmd"
class LowStateMsg:
"""
Wrapper class that mimics the Unitree SDK LowState_ message structure.
Reconstructs the message from deserialized JSON data to maintain
compatibility with existing code that expects SDK message objects.
"""
class MotorState:
"""Motor state data for a single joint."""
def __init__(self, data: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
self.q: float = data.get("q", 0.0)
self.dq: float = data.get("dq", 0.0)
self.tau_est: float = data.get("tau_est", 0.0)
self.temperature: float = data.get("temperature", 0.0)
class IMUState:
"""IMU sensor data."""
def __init__(self, data: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
self.quaternion: list[float] = data.get("quaternion", [1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0])
self.gyroscope: list[float] = data.get("gyroscope", [0.0, 0.0, 0.0])
self.accelerometer: list[float] = data.get("accelerometer", [0.0, 0.0, 0.0])
self.rpy: list[float] = data.get("rpy", [0.0, 0.0, 0.0])
self.temperature: float = data.get("temperature", 0.0)
def __init__(self, data: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
"""Initialize from deserialized JSON data."""
self.motor_state = [self.MotorState(m) for m in data.get("motor_state", [])]
self.imu_state = self.IMUState(data.get("imu_state", {}))
# Decode base64-encoded wireless_remote bytes
wireless_b64 = data.get("wireless_remote", "")
self.wireless_remote: bytes = base64.b64decode(wireless_b64) if wireless_b64 else b""
self.mode_machine: int = data.get("mode_machine", 0)
def lowcmd_to_dict(topic: str, msg: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
"""Convert LowCmd message to a JSON-serializable dictionary."""
motor_cmds = []
# Iterate over all motor commands in the message
for i in range(len(msg.motor_cmd)):
motor_cmds.append(
{
"mode": int(msg.motor_cmd[i].mode),
"q": float(msg.motor_cmd[i].q),
"dq": float(msg.motor_cmd[i].dq),
"kp": float(msg.motor_cmd[i].kp),
"kd": float(msg.motor_cmd[i].kd),
"tau": float(msg.motor_cmd[i].tau),
}
)
return {
"topic": topic,
"data": {
"mode_pr": int(msg.mode_pr),
"mode_machine": int(msg.mode_machine),
"motor_cmd": motor_cmds,
},
}
def ChannelFactoryInitialize(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None: # noqa: N802
"""
Initialize ZMQ sockets for robot communication.
This function mimics the Unitree SDK's ChannelFactoryInitialize but uses
ZMQ sockets to connect to the robot server bridge instead of DDS.
"""
global _ctx, _lowcmd_sock, _lowstate_sock
# read socket config
config = UnitreeG1Config()
robot_ip = config.robot_ip
ctx = zmq.Context.instance()
_ctx = ctx
# lowcmd: send robot commands
lowcmd_sock = ctx.socket(zmq.PUSH)
lowcmd_sock.setsockopt(zmq.CONFLATE, 1) # keep only last message
lowcmd_sock.connect(f"tcp://{robot_ip}:{LOWCMD_PORT}")
_lowcmd_sock = lowcmd_sock
# lowstate: receive robot observations
lowstate_sock = ctx.socket(zmq.SUB)
lowstate_sock.setsockopt(zmq.CONFLATE, 1) # keep only last message
lowstate_sock.connect(f"tcp://{robot_ip}:{LOWSTATE_PORT}")
lowstate_sock.setsockopt_string(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, "")
_lowstate_sock = lowstate_sock
class ChannelPublisher:
"""ZMQ-based publisher that sends commands to the robot server."""
def __init__(self, topic: str, msg_type: type) -> None:
self.topic = topic
self.msg_type = msg_type
def Init(self) -> None: # noqa: N802
"""Initialize the publisher (no-op for ZMQ)."""
pass
def Write(self, msg: Any) -> None: # noqa: N802
"""Serialize and send a command message to the robot."""
if _lowcmd_sock is None:
raise RuntimeError("ChannelFactoryInitialize must be called first")
payload = json.dumps(lowcmd_to_dict(self.topic, msg)).encode("utf-8")
_lowcmd_sock.send(payload)
class ChannelSubscriber:
"""ZMQ-based subscriber that receives state from the robot server."""
def __init__(self, topic: str, msg_type: type) -> None:
self.topic = topic
self.msg_type = msg_type
def Init(self) -> None: # noqa: N802
"""Initialize the subscriber (no-op for ZMQ)."""
pass
def Read(self) -> LowStateMsg: # noqa: N802
"""Receive and deserialize a state message from the robot."""
if _lowstate_sock is None:
raise RuntimeError("ChannelFactoryInitialize must be called first")
payload = _lowstate_sock.recv()
msg_dict = json.loads(payload.decode("utf-8"))
return LowStateMsg(msg_dict.get("data", {}))