lerobot/docs/source/libero_plus.mdx

# LIBERO-plus

LIBERO-plus is a **robustness benchmark** for Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models built on top of [LIBERO](./libero). It systematically stress-tests policies by applying **seven independent perturbation dimensions** to the original LIBERO task set, exposing failure modes that standard benchmarks miss.

- Paper: [In-depth Robustness Analysis of Vision-Language-Action Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.13626)
- GitHub: [sylvestf/LIBERO-plus](https://github.com/sylvestf/LIBERO-plus)
- Dataset: [lerobot/libero_plus](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lerobot/libero_plus)

![An overview of the LIBERO-plus benchmark perturbation dimensions](https://github.com/sylvestf/LIBERO-plus/raw/main/static/images/libero-plus.jpg)

## Perturbation dimensions

LIBERO-plus creates ~10 000 task variants by perturbing each original LIBERO task along these axes:

| Dimension             | What changes                                          |
| --------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| Objects layout        | Target position, presence of confounding objects      |
| Camera viewpoints     | Camera position, orientation, field-of-view           |
| Robot initial states  | Manipulator start pose                                |
| Language instructions | LLM-rewritten task description (paraphrase / synonym) |
| Light conditions      | Intensity, direction, color, shadow                   |
| Background textures   | Scene surface and object appearance                   |
| Sensor noise          | Photometric distortions and image degradation         |

## Available task suites

LIBERO-plus covers the same five suites as LIBERO:

| Suite          | CLI name         | Tasks | Max steps | Description                                        |
| -------------- | ---------------- | ----- | --------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| LIBERO-Spatial | `libero_spatial` | 10    | 280       | Tasks requiring reasoning about spatial relations  |
| LIBERO-Object  | `libero_object`  | 10    | 280       | Tasks centered on manipulating different objects   |
| LIBERO-Goal    | `libero_goal`    | 10    | 300       | Goal-conditioned tasks with changing targets       |
| LIBERO-90      | `libero_90`      | 90    | 400       | Short-horizon tasks from the LIBERO-100 collection |
| LIBERO-Long    | `libero_10`      | 10    | 520       | Long-horizon tasks from the LIBERO-100 collection  |

<Tip warning={true}>
  Installing LIBERO-plus **replaces** vanilla LIBERO — it uninstalls `hf-libero`
  so that `import libero` resolves to the LIBERO-plus fork. You cannot have both
  installed at the same time. To switch back to vanilla LIBERO, uninstall the
  fork and reinstall with `pip install -e ".[libero]"`.
</Tip>

## Installation

### System dependencies (Linux only)

```bash
sudo apt install libexpat1 libfontconfig1-dev libmagickwand-dev
```

### Python package

```bash
pip install -e ".[libero]" "robosuite==1.4.1" bddl easydict mujoco wand scikit-image gym
git clone https://github.com/sylvestf/LIBERO-plus.git
cd LIBERO-plus && pip install --no-deps -e .
pip uninstall -y hf-libero  # so `import libero` resolves to the fork
```

LIBERO-plus is installed from its GitHub fork rather than a pyproject extra — the fork ships as a namespace package that pip can't handle, so it must be cloned and added to `PYTHONPATH`. See `docker/Dockerfile.benchmark.libero_plus` for the canonical install. MuJoCo is required, so only Linux is supported.

<Tip>
Set the MuJoCo rendering backend before running evaluation:

```bash
export MUJOCO_GL=egl   # headless / HPC / cloud
```

</Tip>

### Download LIBERO-plus assets

LIBERO-plus ships its extended asset pack separately. Download `assets.zip` from the [Hugging Face dataset](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Sylvest/LIBERO-plus/tree/main) and extract it into the LIBERO-plus package directory:

```bash
# After installing the package, find where it was installed:
python -c "import libero; print(libero.__file__)"
# Then extract assets.zip into <package_root>/libero/assets/
```

## Evaluation

### Default evaluation (recommended)

Evaluate across the four standard suites (10 episodes per task):

```bash
lerobot-eval \
  --policy.path="your-policy-id" \
  --env.type=libero_plus \
  --env.task=libero_spatial,libero_object,libero_goal,libero_10 \
  --eval.batch_size=1 \
  --eval.n_episodes=10 \
  --env.max_parallel_tasks=1
```

### Single-suite evaluation

Evaluate on one LIBERO-plus suite:

```bash
lerobot-eval \
  --policy.path="your-policy-id" \
  --env.type=libero_plus \
  --env.task=libero_spatial \
  --eval.batch_size=1 \
  --eval.n_episodes=10
```

- `--env.task` picks the suite (`libero_spatial`, `libero_object`, etc.).
- `--env.task_ids` restricts to specific task indices (`[0]`, `[1,2,3]`, etc.). Omit to run all tasks in the suite.
- `--eval.batch_size` controls how many environments run in parallel.
- `--eval.n_episodes` sets how many episodes to run per task.

### Multi-suite evaluation

Benchmark a policy across multiple suites at once by passing a comma-separated list:

```bash
lerobot-eval \
  --policy.path="your-policy-id" \
  --env.type=libero_plus \
  --env.task=libero_spatial,libero_object \
  --eval.batch_size=1 \
  --eval.n_episodes=10
```

### Control mode

LIBERO-plus supports two control modes — `relative` (default) and `absolute`. Different VLA checkpoints are trained with different action parameterizations, so make sure the mode matches your policy:

```bash
--env.control_mode=relative   # or "absolute"
```

### Reset performance

By default, LeRobot preserves LIBERO's hard-reset behavior. With fixed initial
states enabled, you can opt into soft resets to skip rebuilding the simulator
model and renderer on every episode:

```bash
--env.init_states=true --env.hard_reset=false
```

Soft resets are faster but are not bit-identical to hard resets after the
environment's settling steps, so camera observations and policy results may
differ slightly. Use hard resets when reproducing benchmark results.

### Policy inputs and outputs

**Observations:**

- `observation.state` — 8-dim proprioceptive features (eef position, axis-angle orientation, gripper qpos)
- `observation.images.image` — main camera view (`agentview_image`), HWC uint8
- `observation.images.image2` — wrist camera view (`robot0_eye_in_hand_image`), HWC uint8

**Actions:**

- Continuous control in `Box(-1, 1, shape=(7,))` — 6D end-effector delta + 1D gripper

### Recommended evaluation episodes

For reproducible benchmarking, use **10 episodes per task** across all four standard suites (Spatial, Object, Goal, Long). This gives 400 total episodes and matches the protocol used for published results.

## Training

### Dataset

A LeRobot-format training dataset for LIBERO-plus is available at:

- [lerobot/libero_plus](https://huggingface.co/datasets/lerobot/libero_plus)

### Example training command

```bash
lerobot-train \
    --policy.type=smolvla \
    --policy.repo_id=${HF_USER}/smolvla_libero_plus \
    --policy.load_vlm_weights=true \
    --dataset.repo_id=lerobot/libero_plus \
    --env.type=libero_plus \
    --env.task=libero_spatial \
    --output_dir=./outputs/ \
    --steps=100000 \
    --batch_size=4 \
    --eval.batch_size=1 \
    --eval.n_episodes=1 \
    --env_eval_freq=1000
```

## Relationship to LIBERO

LIBERO-plus is a drop-in extension of LIBERO:

- Same Python gym interface (`LiberoEnv`, `LiberoProcessorStep`)
- Same camera names and observation/action format
- Same task suite names
- Installs under the same `libero` Python package name (different GitHub repo)

To use the original LIBERO benchmark, see [LIBERO](./libero) and use `--env.type=libero`.